Clinical Patterns of Hair Loss in Men

The document provides an overview of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in men, acknowledging the well-known role of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 5α-reductase in its development, while also pointing out the emerging significance of other factors such as oxidative stress, inflammation, prostaglandins, vasculogenesis, Wnt/ß-catenin, and transforming growth factor-ß. It notes the potential association between lifestyle factors, comorbidities like cardiovascular risk, and AGA, as well as the coexistence of senescent alopecia with AGA in older individuals. The document calls for more research to fully understand the pathophysiology of AGA, to identify new therapeutic targets, and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of treatments that address these newly identified pathways. It also highlights the need for larger and prospective studies to explore the relationship between oxidative stress and AGA and to assess the clinical relevance of antioxidants in AGA treatment.