Precision Therapeutics in Non-Scarring Alopecia: A Systemic Genomic and Pathway-Based Framework for Targeted Interventions

This review outlines a precision framework for treating non-scarring alopecia, focusing on androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata. It highlights the genetic and biological pathways involved, emphasizing the role of androgen-receptor signaling in androgenetic alopecia and immune dysregulation in alopecia areata. Key treatments include finasteride for androgenetic alopecia and Janus Kinase inhibitors for alopecia areata, with regenerative therapies like Protein Rich Plasma and stem-cell approaches as emerging options. The integration of genome-wide association studies, next-generation sequencing, and artificial intelligence into diagnostics and treatment promises more personalized and effective outcomes.