Hormonal and Genetic Etiology of Male Androgenetic Alopecia
January 2022
in “Springer eBooks”
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research Impairment of autophagy may be associated with follicular miniaturization in androgenetic alopecia by inducing premature catagen
Impaired autophagy may cause hair loss by triggering early catagen.

research Structure of human steroid 5α-reductase 2 with the anti-androgen drug finasteride
Finasteride irreversibly affects human steroid 5α-reductase 2, providing insight into its catalytic mechanism and disease-related mutations.

research In silico analysis of gene expression data from bald frontal and haired occipital scalp to identify candidate genes in male androgenetic alopecia
Found 32 genes linked to male baldness, affecting hair growth and stress-related pathways.

research Prostaglandins in androgenetic alopecia in 12 men and four female

research Insights into Male Androgenetic Alopecia: Differential Gene Expression Profiling of Plucked Hair Follicles and Integration with Genetic Data
Gene differences found in hair follicles linked to male baldness.
research Prostanoids and Hair Follicles: Implications for Therapy of Hair Disorders
Prostanoids, like prostaglandins and thromboxane A2, can both enhance and inhibit hair growth, and understanding their effects could help treat hair disorders.
research Prostaglandin D2 Uses Components of ROS Signaling to Enhance Testosterone Production in Keratinocytes
research Further Clinical Evidence for the Effect of IGF-1 on Hair Growth and Alopecia

research A genomic approach to susceptibility and pathogenesis leads to identifying potential novel therapeutic targets in androgenetic alopecia
Genomic approach finds new possible treatments for hair loss.
research Stress-induced premature senescence of dermal papilla cells compromises hair follicle epithelial-mesenchymal interaction
Stress can cause early aging in certain skin cells, leading to problems with hair growth.

research Androgenetic alopecia: a review
Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

research Androgens modify Wnt agonists/antagonists expression balance in dermal papilla cells preventing hair follicle stem cell differentiation in androgenetic alopecia
Androgens prevent hair growth by changing Wnt signals in cells.

research Topical application of the Wnt/β-catenin activator methyl vanillate increases hair count and hair mass index in women with androgenetic alopecia
Methyl vanillate spray increases hair count and hair mass in women with hair loss.

research A Comparison of the Hormonal Profile of Early Androgenetic Alopecia in Men With the Phenotypic Equivalent of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Women
Men with early hair loss have similar hormone levels to women with PCOS, possibly increasing risk of obesity and heart issues.

research Differential Expression between Human Dermal Papilla Cells from Balding and Non-Balding Scalps Reveals New Candidate Genes for Androgenetic Alopecia
New genes found linked to balding, may help develop future treatments.
research 697 Prostaglandin D2-enhanced testosterone metabolism in human keratinocytes is mediated by reactive oxygen species
Prostaglandin D2 increases testosterone levels in skin cells through reactive oxygen species, not enzymes, which could lead to new hair loss treatments.
research Classifications of patterned hair loss: a review
Different types of hair loss need specific treatments, and while many classification systems exist, each has its flaws; more research is needed to refine these systems and treatments.
research Bad Hair Day: Testosterone and Wnts

research Contribution of hair density and hair diameter to the appearance and progression of androgenetic alopecia in Japanese men
Hair thickness matters more than density for baldness in Japanese men over 25.
research Destruction of the arrector pili muscle and fat infiltration in androgenic alopecia
research The endocrinology of baldness
research The Contribution of Endogenous and Exogenous Factors to Male Alopecia
research Prostaglandin D2 Inhibits Wound-Induced Hair Follicle Neogenesis through the Receptor, Gpr44
research Androgen actions on the human hair follicle: perspectives

research Caspase-1 Level Is Higher in the Scalp in Androgenetic Alopecia
Higher caspase-1 levels found in balding scalps; reducing it may help treat hair loss.

research Hair follicle stem cell differentiation is inhibited through cross‐talk between Wnt/β‐catenin and androgen signalling in dermal papilla cells from patients with androgenetic alopecia
Androgens block hair growth by disrupting cell signals; targeting GSK-3 may help treat hair loss.

research Prostaglandin D 2 Inhibits Hair Growth and Is Elevated in Bald Scalp of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia
PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

research Androgen receptor gene polymorphisms and risk for androgenetic alopecia: a meta-analysis
G allele of AR Stul polymorphism linked to higher hair loss risk, especially in white people.

research The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human Diseases

research Hair loss and hyperprolactinemia in women

research Brain-derived nerve factor and neurotrophins in androgenetic alopecia
Lower growth factors linked to balding in androgenetic alopecia.

research Evidence of increased DNA methylation of the androgen receptor gene in occipital hair follicles from men with androgenetic alopecia
Men with hair loss have more DNA changes in back-of-head hair follicles, possibly protecting them from thinning.
research Bald scalp in men with androgenetic alopecia retains hair follicle stem cells but lacks CD200-rich and CD34-positive hair follicle progenitor cells
Men with baldness due to androgenetic alopecia still have hair stem cells, but lack specific cells needed for hair growth.

research Molecular basis of androgenetic alopecia: From androgen to paracrine mediators through dermal papilla
Male pattern baldness involves hormones and cell signals affecting hair growth.

research Evidence for two independent functional variants for androgenetic alopecia around the androgen receptor gene
Two gene areas linked to male pattern baldness found, more research needed.

research Androgenetic alopecia in the paediatric population: a retrospective review of 57 patients
Alopecia common in teens, may indicate endocrine issue, minoxidil effective treatment.

research A Mouse Model of Androgenetic Alopecia
Mice with human gene experienced hair loss when treated with DHT.

research Prevalence of androgenetic alopecia in China: a community-based study in six cities
Baldness is more common in Chinese men than women, increasing with age, and is influenced by genetics.

research Fine mapping of the human AR/EDA2R locus in androgenetic alopecia
Genetic marker rs12558842 strongly linked to male hair loss.

research Gene-wide association study between the aromatase gene (CYP19A1) and female pattern hair loss
Aromatase gene variation may increase female hair loss risk.

research Male androgenetic alopecia: Population-based study in 1,005 subjects
58% of men aged 30-50 have hair loss, with severity increasing with age.

research Sparse hairs below frontal hair line are early sign of androgenetic alopecia in men
Sparse hairs below frontal hairline can indicate early male balding.
research Prolactin and the Skin: A Dermatological Perspective on an Ancient Pleiotropic Peptide Hormone

research Prevalence and types of androgenetic alopecia in Shanghai, China: a community-based study
Chinese men have lower AGA rates than Caucasians, with type III vertex most common; family history is important.
research Finding bald spots on chromosome 20p11

research Proliferation, DNA repair and apoptosis in androgenetic alopecia
Bald areas have lower cell growth, more DNA damage, and increased cell death.
research Male-pattern baldness susceptibility locus at 20p11

research EDA2R Is Associated with Androgenetic Alopecia
EDA2R gene linked to hair loss.

research Stem cell factor/c-Kit signalling in normal and androgenetic alopecia hair follicles
SCF and c-Kit decrease in AGA hair follicles, possibly affecting hair pigmentation and growth.

research Genome-wide Scan and Fine-Mapping Linkage Study of Androgenetic Alopecia Reveals a Locus on Chromosome 3q26
Hair loss gene found on chromosome 3q26.

research Dermal fibrosis in male pattern hair loss: a suggestive implication of mast cells
Mast cells might contribute to hair loss by causing skin thickening.
research Dihydrotestosterone-Inducible Dickkopf 1 from Balding Dermal Papilla Cells Causes Apoptosis in Follicular Keratinocytes

research The Effect of 5α-Reductase Inhibition with Dutasteride and Finasteride on Semen Parameters and Serum Hormones in Healthy Men
Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

research Baldness and the androgen receptor: the AR polyglycine repeat polymorphism does not confer susceptibility to androgenetic alopecia
AR polyglycine repeat doesn't cause baldness.
research Differences in Expression of Specific Biomarkers Distinguish Human Beard from Scalp Dermal Papilla Cells

research Perifollicular Fibrosis: Pathogenetic Role in Androgenetic Alopecia
Androgen hormones cause hair follicle scarring in hair loss, and finasteride helps reduce it.

research Prevalence of Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss in Maryborough
Hair loss common in Australia; men affected earlier, more often than Asians; women less concerned.

research Genetic Variation in the Human Androgen Receptor Gene Is the Major Determinant of Common Early-Onset Androgenetic Alopecia
Genetic variation in the androgen receptor gene mainly causes early-onset hair loss, with maternal inheritance playing a key role.

research The E211 G>A Androgen Receptor Polymorphism Is Associated with a Decreased Risk of Metastatic Prostate Cancer and Androgenetic Alopecia
E211 G>A gene linked to lower risk of severe prostate cancer and hair loss.

research Androgenetic alopecia in children: report of 20 cases
AGA can occur in children with family history; early diagnosis and treatment important.
research Different gene expression profile observed in dermal papilla cells related to androgenic alopecia by DNA macroarray analysis

research Androgenetic alopecia in men aged 40-69 years: prevalence and risk factors
Hair loss increases with age; alcohol raises risk, more female partners lowers it.

research The expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 in follicular dermal papillae correlates with therapeutic efficacy of finasteride in androgenetic alopecia
Higher IGF-1 levels in hair follicles link to better finasteride results for hair loss.

research Identification of Androgen-Inducible TGF-β1 Derived from Dermal Papilla Cells as a Key Mediator in Androgenetic Alopecia
TGF-β1 from dermal papilla cells suppresses hair growth, and targeting it may help treat androgenetic alopecia.

research Transplants from balding and hairy androgenetic alopecia scalp regrow hair comparably well on immunodeficient mice
Hair from balding and non-balding areas regrows similarly on mice.

research Analysis of genetic polymorphisms of steroid 5α-reductase type 1 and 2 genes in Korean men with androgenetic alopecia
Gene differences may affect baldness treatment response in Korean men.

research Possible mechanisms of miniaturization during androgenetic alopecia or pattern hair loss
Hair loss occurs due to fewer papillary cells, smaller follicles, and shorter growth phases.

research The prevalence and types of androgenetic alopecia in Korean men and women
AGA more common in men, Koreans have lower rates and unique patterns.

research Androgenetic alopecia in men and women
Androgenetic alopecia involves genetics, hormones, and can be treated with medications or surgery.

research Hair density, hair diameter and the prevalence of female pattern hair loss
FPHL affects hair density and diameter, causing visible hair loss in older women.

research Early androgenetic alopecia as a marker of insulin resistance
Early hair loss may indicate risk of insulin resistance.

research Androgenetic alopecia in heterozygous carriers of a mutation in the human hairless gene
Mutation in hairless gene may increase hair loss risk.
research Androgenetic alopecia in the stump-tailed macaque

research Male-Pattern Hair Loss in Norwegian Men: A Community-Based Study
Hair loss common in Norwegian men, affecting self-esteem and life quality.

research An X-Linked Gene Involved in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Lesson to Be Learned from Adrenoleukodystrophy
Gene linked to common hair loss found, may lead to new treatments.

research Androgenetic Alopecia: In Vivo Models
Stump-tailed macaque best for researching hair loss causes and treatments.
research The mRNA for Protease Nexin-1 is Expressed in Human Dermal Papilla Cells and its Level is Affected by Androgen

research Immunohistochemical localization of types 1 and 2 5α-reductase in human scalp

research Serum Androgens and Genetic Linkage Analysis in Early Onset Androgenetic Alopecia
Early onset hair loss linked to genetics and androgen levels.

research Prevalence of Male Pattern Hair Loss in 18–49 Year Old Men
Hair loss is more common in men aged 18-49 and increases with age.

research Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia
Finasteride safely and effectively treats male pattern hair loss, but may cause reversible sexual issues and harm male fetuses.

research Fortnightly review: Male pattern androgenetic alopecia
Hair loss in men is common, treatable, but not curable.

research Androgen Receptor Polymorphisms (CAG Repeat Lengths) in Androgenetic Alopecia, Hirsutism, and Acne
Shorter CAG repeats may cause hair and skin issues, while longer ones may link to acne.
research Association of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with Male Pattern Baldness

research Different Levels of 5α-Reductase Type I and II, Aromatase, and Androgen Receptor in Hair Follicles of Women and Men with Androgenetic Alopecia
People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.

research Tamoxifen-Induced Female Androgenetic Alopecia in a Patient with Breast Cancer
Tamoxifen caused hair loss in a 52-year-old woman.

research ANDROGEN METABOLISM AS IT AFFECTS HAIR GROWTH IN ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA
Too much androgen can cause hair loss; finasteride may help.
research A comparison of the culture and growth of dermal papilla cells from hair follicles from non-balding and balding (androgenetic alopecia) scalp

research Androgenetic alopecia: An autosomal dominant disorder
Hair loss in androgenetic alopecia is caused by genetic factors and androgen excess, and can be treated with combined therapies.

research Hormonal Basis of Male and Female Androgenic Alopecia: Clinical Relevance

research Diagnostic and predictive value of horizontal sections of scalp biopsy specimens in male pattern androgenetic alopecia
Horizontal scalp biopsy sections effectively diagnose and predict MPAA, with follicular density and inflammation impacting hair regrowth.

research The Transverse Anatomy of Androgenic Alopecia
research PLASMA C19 STEROID SULPHATE LEVELS AND INDICES OF ANDROGEN BIOAVAILABILITY IN FEMALE PATTERN ANDROGENIC ALOPECIA

research Effects of epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, minoxidil and hydrocortisone on growth kinetics in human hair bulb papilla cells and root sheath fibroblasts cultured in vitro
EGF and FGF boost hair cell growth, hydrocortisone slows it, and minoxidil doesn't affect it.
research Sex hormone-binding globulin and saliva testosterone levels in men with androgenetic alopecia
Men with hair loss have lower SHBG and higher saliva testosterone levels, suggesting increased androgen activity.

research Classification of the types of androgenetic alopecia (common baldness) occurring in the female sex
Common baldness, also known as Androgenetic Alopecia, is caused by a combination of genetic factors and hormones called androgens.