Childhood Alopecia Areata: An Overview of Treatment and Recent Patents

    Kam Lun Hon, David Luk, Alexander K C Leung, Chun Wai Ng, Steven King Fan Loo
    TLDR Childhood Alopecia Areata causes hair loss and requires varied treatments, with psychological support being crucial.
    The article reviewed the genetics, therapy, prognosis, and recent patents for childhood Alopecia Areata (AA), an autoimmune condition causing hair loss. It highlighted that AA resulted from T-lymphocytes attacking hair follicles, leading to varying degrees of hair loss. Treatments for localized AA included topical and intralesional corticosteroids, while severe cases required systemic immunosuppressants. Emerging treatments like excimer laser and interleukin-31 antibodies showed promise, though none were curative. The article emphasized the importance of psychological support due to the significant psychosocial impact of AA on children and their families. Additionally, it discussed various therapeutic approaches, including corticosteroid pulse therapy, cyclosporine, and Janus kinase inhibitors like tofacitinib and ruxolitinib, with studies involving up to 90 patients. The review underscored the diversity of treatment options and ongoing research efforts to address AA in children.
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