Medical Treatments for Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss

September 2008 in “ Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology ”

Nicole L. Rogers, Marc R. Avram

minoxidil finasteride dutasteride spironolactone cyproterone acetate FDA male pattern hair loss female pattern hair loss Rogaine Propecia

From the encyclopedia

Minoxidil →

An essential vasodilator with some anti-androgenic effects

Finasteride →

Frontline, gold standard treatment for combatting androgenic alopecia

Dutasteride →

Heavy duty finasteride that comes with higher risks

Studysummary This review discusses the various treatment options for male and female pattern hair loss and provides no new clinical results; the authors outline the most effective strategies based on existing evidence.

Automatically generated from the study's abstract, not written by a person, and not a review of the full paper. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Read the original study, and consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer

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Research cited in this study

110 / 110 results

research Propecia May Induce Spermatogenic Failure

2 citations , September 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility”

This study reported significant improvements in sperm concentration in two cases of azoospermia and severe oligospermia after discontinuing finasteride 1 mg used for hair loss.

A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial of a Novel Formulation of 5% Minoxidil Topical Foam Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

research A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial of a Novel Formulation of 5% Minoxidil Topical Foam Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

142 citations , August 2007 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that a new 5% minoxidil foam formulation significantly increased hair counts and improved hair loss condition in men with androgenetic alopecia over 16 weeks compared to placebo.

research Finasteride 5mg and Sexual Side Effects: How Many Are Related to a Nocebo Phenomenon?

225 citations , July 2007 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine”

In this study, patients informed about finasteride's potential sexual side effects reported a significantly higher occurrence of these side effects, suggesting a nocebo effect.

research The Effect of Tripeptide-Copper Complex on Human Hair Growth In Vitro

39 citations , July 2007 in “Archives of Pharmacal Research”

A tripeptide-copper complex may help hair grow by increasing cell growth and decreasing cell death.

research Dutasteride Improves Male Pattern Hair Loss in a Randomized Study in Identical Twins

39 citations , March 2007 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

This study in identical twin males with androgenetic alopecia found that dutasteride significantly improved hair growth compared to placebo over one year.

research The Effect of 5α-Reductase Inhibition with Dutasteride and Finasteride on Semen Parameters and Serum Hormones in Healthy Men

195 citations , February 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

In this study, administering 5alpha-reductase inhibitors reduced dihydrotestosterone levels and was associated with mild, reversible decreases in semen parameters in healthy men.

research Spermatozoa and Chronic Treatment with Finasteride: A TEM and FISH Study

23 citations , January 2007 in “Archives of Andrology”

This study reported that semen quality improved in three young men after discontinuing long-term finasteride use, although meiotic abnormalities persisted.

research Promotive Effect of Minoxidil Combined with All-Trans Retinoic Acid (Tretinoin) on Human Hair Growth In Vitro

41 citations , January 2007 in “Journal of Korean Medical Science”

This study found that combining minoxidil with all-trans retinoic acid additively promoted hair growth in vitro by activating certain cell survival pathways and reducing apoptosis markers more effectively than minoxidil alone.

research The Current Role of Laser and Light Sources in the Treatment of Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss

68 citations , January 2007 in “Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy”

This review discusses laser/light treatments for pattern hair loss and reports no clinical validation of current devices; experts recommend physician evaluation to exclude other medical conditions.

research Efficacy of 5% Minoxidil Versus Combined 5% Minoxidil and 0.01% Tretinoin for Male Pattern Hair Loss

43 citations , January 2007 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology”

This study concluded that a combined once-daily solution of 5% minoxidil and 0.01% tretinoin is as effective and safe as the conventional twice-daily 5% minoxidil application for treating androgenetic alopecia in men.

research Effect of Finasteride 5 mg (Proscar) on Acne and Alopecia in Female Patients with Normal Serum Levels of Free Testosterone

43 citations , January 2007 in “Gynecological Endocrinology”

This study found that 9 out of 12 women with acne or alopecia showed subjective improvement with finasteride treatment despite having normal free testosterone levels, suggesting a potential role of 5alpha-reductase activity.

research Traction Alopecia: 2% Topical Minoxidil Shows Promise. Report of Two Cases

40 citations , December 2006 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

This article reports two cases where 2% topical minoxidil showed promise in treating traction alopecia, but it does not offer broader clinical conclusions.

Effect of 1 mg/Day Finasteride on Concentrations of Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen in Men With Androgenic Alopecia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

research Effect of 1 mg/Day Finasteride on Concentrations of Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen in Men With Androgenic Alopecia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

89 citations , December 2006 in “Lancet Oncology”

In this study, 1 mg/day finasteride lowered serum PSA concentration in men aged 40–60, suggesting that PSA adjustment recommendations for prostate cancer screening using 5 mg/day finasteride should also apply to this lower dose for hair loss treatment.

The Importance of Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibition in the Treatment of Male Pattern Hair Loss: Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study of Dutasteride Versus Finasteride

research The Importance of Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibition in the Treatment of Male Pattern Hair Loss: Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study of Dutasteride Versus Finasteride

215 citations , November 2006 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that dutasteride increased scalp hair growth in men with male pattern hair loss, particularly at a 2.5 mg dose, and was more effective than finasteride over 24 weeks.

research Finasteride Induced Depression: A Prospective Study

99 citations , October 2006 in “BMC clinical pharmacology”

This preliminary study suggests that finasteride might cause depressive symptoms, indicating the need for cautious prescription in patients at high risk for depression.

research Reversal of Androgenetic Alopecia by Topical Ketoconazole: Relevance of Anti-Androgenic Activity

38 citations , September 2006 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

This study evaluated the effect of 2% ketoconazole lotion for androgenetic alopecia, but the results regarding its effectiveness on clinical appearance remained unclear.

research Changes in Hair Weight in Men with Androgenetic Alopecia After Treatment with Finasteride (1 mg Daily): Three- and Four-Year Results

66 citations , June 2006 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that long-term finasteride treatment in men with androgenetic alopecia significantly increased hair weight and count compared to placebo over nearly four years.

research Effects of Finasteride (1 mg) on Hair Transplant

30 citations , March 2006 in “Dermatologic Surgery”

In this study of men with androgenetic alopecia, daily finasteride 1 mg alongside hair transplant improved scalp hair density and growth of nontransplanted hair compared to placebo over 48 weeks.

research Finasteride Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss

108 citations , March 2006 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This study observed that 62% of premenopausal women with female pattern hair loss reported improvement when treated with oral finasteride and an oral contraceptive containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol.

research Topical Application of Ketoconazole Stimulates Hair Growth in C3H/HeN Mice

24 citations , April 2005 in “The Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that 2% ketoconazole solution stimulated hair growth significantly in a mouse model, suggesting potential benefits for male pattern hair loss.

research Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss With Oral Antiandrogens

179 citations , March 2005 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that 88% of women with female pattern hair loss who received oral antiandrogens saw no progression or improvement in their condition.

research Marked Suppression of Dihydrotestosterone in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Dutasteride, a Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibitor

408 citations , May 2004 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

This study found that dutasteride more effectively reduced serum dihydrotestosterone levels than finasteride in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

research A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of 5% and 2% Topical Minoxidil Solutions in the Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss

219 citations , March 2004 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In this 48-week trial, 5% topical minoxidil was more effective than both 2% minoxidil and placebo in promoting hair growth in women with female pattern hair loss, with notable improvements in nonvellus hair count and hair growth assessments.

research Effect of Minoxidil on Proliferation and Apoptosis in Dermal Papilla Cells of Human Hair Follicle

149 citations , March 2004 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

This study found that minoxidil stimulates hair follicle growth by promoting dermal papilla cell survival and activating ERK and Akt pathways, which leads to increased proliferation and reduced cell death.

research Minoxidil: Mechanisms of Action on Hair Growth

397 citations , February 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This article reviews the mechanisms by which minoxidil stimulates hair growth and reports no new clinical findings.

research Ketoconazole as an Adjunct to Finasteride in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

28 citations , December 2003 in “Medical Hypotheses”

This paper suggests that ketoconazole 2% shampoo may enhance finasteride's effectiveness in treating androgenetic alopecia by more completely inhibiting the dihydrotestosterone pathway.

research Topically Applied Minoxidil May Cause Fetal Malformation: A Case Report

29 citations , December 2003 in “Teratology”

This case report describes fetal malformations and placental abnormalities in a pregnant woman who applied minoxidil topically, suggesting potential risks of its use during pregnancy.

research Finasteride Treatment May Not Prevent Telogen Effluvium After Minoxidil Withdrawal

14 citations , September 2003 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This abstract provides no new data or findings as it is a placeholder text rather than a research summary.

research Hair Regrowth and Increased Hair Tensile Strength Using the HairMax LaserComb for Low-Level Laser Therapy

75 citations , August 2003 in “International journal of cosmetic surgery and aesthetic dermatology”

This study found that low level laser therapy with a HairMax LaserComb improved hair counts and tensile strength in patients with androgenetic alopecia, particularly in males and vertex areas.

research Safety of Topical Minoxidil Solution: A One-Year, Prospective, Observational Study

26 citations , July 2003 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery”

This study found that topical minoxidil solution is a safe treatment for androgenetic alopecia, with no increase in cardiovascular events or adverse pregnancy outcomes observed.

research Hypertrichosis in Females Applying Minoxidil Topical Solution and in Normal Controls

63 citations , April 2003 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

This study found that minoxidil topical solution was associated with a dose-related occurrence of hypertrichosis, especially facial hair, in women treated for androgenetic alopecia.

research Female Pattern Hair Loss

30 citations , October 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Use "female pattern hair loss" term, finasteride may help, more research needed.

research Hair Loss in Women with Hyperandrogenism: Four Cases Responding to Finasteride

92 citations , October 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study reports that oral finasteride improved or stabilized hair loss in women with hyperandrogenism but not in postmenopausal women with female pattern hair loss.

research The Potential Role of Minoxidil in the Hair Transplantation Setting

31 citations , October 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery”

This article reviews expert opinions on combining pharmacologic treatments like minoxidil with hair transplantation, reporting improved hair density and regrowth in patients with partially functioning follicles.

research Depression Related to Finasteride Administration for Androgenetic Alopecia

88 citations , October 2002 in “Journal of Dermatology”

In this study, 19 patients treated with finasteride for androgenetic alopecia developed moderate to severe depression, which resolved after stopping the medication, suggesting an association between finasteride and mood disturbances.

A Randomized Clinical Trial of 5% Topical Minoxidil Versus 2% Topical Minoxidil and Placebo in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

research A Randomized Clinical Trial of 5% Topical Minoxidil Versus 2% Topical Minoxidil and Placebo in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

269 citations , August 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that 5% topical minoxidil significantly increased hair regrowth and improved psychosocial perceptions of hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia compared to 2% topical minoxidil and placebo over 48 weeks.

research Comparative Efficacy of Various Treatment Regimens for Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

80 citations , August 2002 in “Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that combining oral finasteride with topical minoxidil resulted in the greatest improvement in hair growth for male patients with androgenetic alopecia, compared to using any single treatment.

research Effects of Minoxidil 2% vs. Cyproterone Acetate Treatment on Female Androgenetic Alopecia: A Controlled, 12-Month Randomized Trial

149 citations , June 2002 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Minoxidil works better for female hair loss, but cyproterone reduces scalp oiliness and causes menstrual issues.

research Changes in Hair Weight and Hair Count in Men with Androgenetic Alopecia After Treatment with Finasteride, 1 mg, Daily

66 citations , April 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In this study, finasteride, 1 mg daily, significantly increased hair weight more than hair count in men with androgenetic alopecia, indicating additional factors like hair growth rate and thickness may contribute to its effectiveness.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Determine the Effectiveness of Botanically Derived Inhibitors of 5-Alpha-Reductase in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia

research A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Determine the Effectiveness of Botanically Derived Inhibitors of 5-Alpha-Reductase in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia

68 citations , April 2002 in “Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine”

This study suggests that botanical 5AR inhibitors like Serenoa repens and β-sitosterol may improve symptoms of androgenetic alopecia, with 60% of treated subjects showing improvement compared to placebo.

research Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Topical Minoxidil Solution: Etiology and Treatment

123 citations , February 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Minoxidil can cause skin allergy; use alternative solvents or treatments if allergic.

research Lack of Efficacy of Finasteride in Postmenopausal Women with Androgenetic Alopecia

239 citations , November 2000 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In this study, finasteride 1 mg/day for 12 months did not improve hair growth or slow hair thinning in postmenopausal women with androgenetic alopecia compared to placebo.

research Finasteride Increases Anagen Hair in Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

129 citations , October 2000 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that finasteride increases anagen hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia.

Changes in Hair Weight and Hair Count in Men with Androgenetic Alopecia After Application of 5% and 2% Topical Minoxidil, Placebo, or No Treatment

research Changes in Hair Weight and Hair Count in Men with Androgenetic Alopecia After Application of 5% and 2% Topical Minoxidil, Placebo, or No Treatment

115 citations , November 1999 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In this study, men using 2% and 5% minoxidil solutions experienced a significant increase in hair weight for 96 weeks compared to placebo, with effects diminishing after treatment cessation.

research Chronic Treatment with Finasteride Daily Does Not Affect Spermatogenesis or Semen Production in Young Men

104 citations , October 1999 in “The Journal of Urology”

This study concluded that daily treatment with 1 mg finasteride did not affect spermatogenesis or semen production in young men and had small, reversible effects on prostate volume and serum PSA.

research Finasteride in the Treatment of Men with Frontal Male Pattern Hair Loss

187 citations , June 1999 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study reported that finasteride 1 mg/day significantly increased hair growth and slowed hair loss in men with frontal scalp hair thinning over one year, and these benefits continued or improved in the second year.

research Finasteride

125 citations , January 1999 in “Drugs”

This study found that oral finasteride 1 mg/day promotes hair growth and prevents further hair loss in a significant proportion of men with male pattern hair loss over two years.

research Finasteride in the Treatment of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

581 citations , October 1998 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In male pattern hair loss, this study found that finasteride 1 mg daily significantly slowed hair loss and increased hair growth over two years compared to placebo.

research Retinoids And Hair Growth

19 citations , August 1998 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This review explores the psychological and medical implications of hair loss, suggesting it may indicate a serious systemic disorder, but it does not present new research findings.

research Minoxidil Upregulates the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Human Hair Dermal Papilla Cells

192 citations , March 1998 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that minoxidil significantly increases VEGF mRNA and protein expression in dermal papilla cells, suggesting a role in enhancing hair follicle vascularization in androgenetic alopecia.

research Ketoconazole Shampoo: Effect of Long-Term Use in Androgenic Alopecia

92 citations , January 1998 in “Dermatology”

This study found that 2% ketoconazole shampoo improved hair density and anagen follicle proportion in androgenic alopecia similarly to minoxidil treatment, suggesting a potential role for Malassezia in inflammation.

research Diffuse Hypertrichosis During Treatment with 5% Topical Minoxidil

44 citations , January 1997 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

In this study, five women with androgenetic alopecia experienced severe facial and limb hypertrichosis after using 5% topical minoxidil, which resolved after discontinuing the treatment.

research A Randomized Trial of Minoxidil in Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia

127 citations , July 1996 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that in women undergoing chemotherapy after breast surgery, topical minoxidil significantly shortened the duration of hair loss compared to a placebo without significant side effects.

research Proliferation and Differentiation of Cultured Human Follicular Keratinocytes Are Not Influenced by Biotin

22 citations , January 1996 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

research Allergic Contact Dermatitis from Minoxidil

32 citations , May 1995 in “Contact Dermatitis”

This article reviews previous cases and reports of allergic contact dermatitis from minoxidil but does not provide new clinical findings.

research The Effects of Finasteride (Proscar) on Hair Growth, Hair Cycle Stage, and Serum Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone in Adult Male and Female Stumptail Macaques (Macaca Arctoides)

19 citations , October 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

research Minoxidil as a Prophylaxis of Doxorubicin-Induced Alopecia

49 citations , October 1994 in “Annals of Oncology”

Minoxidil not effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced hair loss.

research The Effect of Finasteride, a 5 Alpha-Reductase Inhibitor, on Scalp Skin Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone Concentrations in Patients With Male Pattern Baldness

61 citations , September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

research Minoxidil Sulfation in the Hair Follicle

32 citations , January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology”

In this study, scalp skin from stumptailed macaques demonstrated minoxidil sulfotransferase activity primarily in hair follicles, which may explain minoxidil's hair growth stimulation in this model.

research Potassium Channel Conductance as a Control Mechanism in Hair Follicles

30 citations , July 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Topical Minoxidil in Alopecia Areata: No Effect on the Perifollicular Lymphoid Infiltration

33 citations , July 1992 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil doesn't affect perifollicular lymphoid infiltration in alopecia areata patients.

research Potassium Channel Conductance: A Mechanism Affecting Hair Growth Both In Vitro and In Vivo

82 citations , March 1992 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Hair Growth Effects of Oral Administration of Finasteride, a Steroid 5 Alpha-Reductase Inhibitor, Alone and in Combination with Topical Minoxidil in the Balding Stumptail Macaque

40 citations , February 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

Taking finasteride pills and using minoxidil lotion together can help grow hair.

research Allergic Contact Dermatitis from Minoxidil

9 citations , January 1992 in “Contact Dermatitis”

Some people using minoxidil for hair loss developed an allergic skin reaction, often related to an ingredient that helps minoxidil work better.

research Contact Dermatitis in Reaction to 2% Topical Minoxidil Solution

23 citations , April 1991 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Minoxidil solution can cause skin irritation and allergies in some users.

research Localization of Minoxidil Sulfotransferase in Rat Liver and the Outer Root Sheath of Anagen Pelage and Vibrissa Follicles

46 citations , January 1991 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil works in liver and outer hair root sheath for hair growth.

research Quantitative Estimation of Hair Growth: Androgenetic Alopecia in Women and the Effect of Minoxidil

85 citations , December 1990 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil promotes hair growth in women with early-stage alopecia.

research Minoxidil Sulfate Is the Active Metabolite That Stimulates Hair Follicles

166 citations , November 1990 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil sulfate stimulates hair growth.

research The Effect of Topical Minoxidil on Hair Follicular Cycles of Rats

53 citations , May 1990 in “Journal of Dermatology”

In this animal study, topical minoxidil shortened the telogen phase of hair growth cycles in rats, suggesting it may stimulate certain follicles to progress more rapidly to anagen.

research Five-Year Follow-Up of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia Treated with Topical Minoxidil

70 citations , April 1990 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Minoxidil treatment increased hair growth for up to 5 years, requiring twice daily application.

research Influence of Tretinoin on the Percutaneous Absorption of Minoxidil from an Aqueous Topical Solution

30 citations , April 1990 in “Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics”

This study found that coadministering minoxidil with tretinoin cream increased minoxidil absorption nearly threefold in healthy males, attributed to increased stratum corneum permeability.

research Extensive Alopecia Areata: Results of Treatment with 3% Topical Minoxidil

36 citations , March 1989 in “Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine”

3% topical minoxidil effectively treats extensive alopecia areata.

research Topical Minoxidil Used Before and After Hair Transplantation

27 citations , January 1989 in “The Journal of dermatologic surgery and oncology”

This study found that using 2% topical minoxidil before and after hair transplantation may improve graft outcomes by reducing initial shedding in patients with androgenetic alopecia.

research Histologic Response to Topically Applied Minoxidil in Male-Pattern Alopecia

38 citations , October 1988 in “Clinics in Dermatology”

Minoxidil can help grow hair and make hair follicles bigger, but it can also cause side effects.

research Selective Inhibition by Minoxidil of Prostacyclin Production by Cells in Culture

23 citations , March 1988 in “Biochemical Pharmacology”

This study found that minoxidil inhibited prostacyclin production in various endothelial and smooth muscle cells in culture without affecting the synthesis of other cyclooxygenase products.

research Allergic Contact Dermatitis from Minoxidil

13 citations , January 1988 in “Contact Dermatitis”

This article has no abstract and reports no new findings, focusing instead on allergic contact dermatitis reactions to topical Minoxidil documented in previous studies.

research Alterations in Scalp Blood Flow After the Epicutaneous Application of 3% Minoxidil and 0.1% Hexyl Nicotinate in Alopecia

25 citations , November 1987 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This study observed increases in scalp blood flow following the application of 3% minoxidil and 0.1% hexyl nicotinate in individuals with alopecia.

research Suppression of Fibroblast Proliferation and Lysyl Hydroxylase Activity by Minoxidil

63 citations , September 1987 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

Minoxidil slows fibroblast growth and collagen production, potentially treating keloids, hypertrophic scars, and connective tissue disorders.

research Allergic Contact Dermatitis from Minoxidil

14 citations , July 1987 in “Contact Dermatitis”

This article describes cases of allergic contact dermatitis triggered by minoxidil but provides no new clinical findings.

research Topical Minoxidil in Male Pattern Baldness: Effects of Discontinuation of Treatment

57 citations , July 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In this study, minoxidil treatment was associated with an increase in nonvellus scalp hairs, but this effect was not sustained once the treatment was stopped.

research Topical Minoxidil in Early Androgenetic Alopecia

44 citations , March 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that both 2% and 3% topical minoxidil were more effective than placebo in promoting hair growth for men with male pattern baldness over 12 months.

research Androgenetic Alopecia: Treatment Results with Topical Minoxidil

39 citations , March 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Topical minoxidil is a safe and effective treatment for hair loss caused by androgenetic alopecia.

research Safety and Efficacy of Topical Minoxidil in the Management of Androgenetic Alopecia

67 citations , March 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that both 2% and 3% minoxidil resulted in a significant increase in hair counts for participants with androgenetic alopecia over 12 months.

research Action of Topical Minoxidil in the Bald Stump-Tailed Macaque

78 citations , March 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Minoxidil promotes hair growth but stops working when discontinued.

research Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Evaluation of Topical Minoxidil in Extensive Alopecia Areata

104 citations , March 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Minoxidil helps hair growth in 63.6% of alopecia patients, with 27.3% having excellent results.

research Use of Topical Minoxidil as a Possible Adjunct to Hair Transplant Surgery

28 citations , March 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study observed that two out of twelve patients showed hair growth without the usual shedding after hair transplant surgery when treated with topical minoxidil, suggesting its potential as an adjunctive therapy during recovery.

research Topical Minoxidil for Hair Growth in Alopecia Areata and Androgenetica

24 citations , February 1987 in “Drugs”

Minoxidil promotes hair regrowth, but more research needed for effectiveness and response factors.

research Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Cellular Infiltrate in Severe Alopecia Areata Before and After Minoxidil Treatment

31 citations , January 1987 in “Dermatology”

This study reports that topical minoxidil led to normalization of hair follicle characteristics in 36 of 47 severe alopecia areata patients, and indicated a shift in T cell populations, suggesting potential immunomodulatory effects.

research Effects of Minoxidil on Cultured Human Skin Fibroblasts

19 citations , January 1987 in “Dermatology”

This review discusses the effects of minoxidil on human skin fibroblasts, reporting its potential to inhibit lysyl hydroxylase activity and DNA synthesis, suggesting it may have antifibrotic applications for collagen-related skin conditions.

research Topical Tretinoin for Hair Growth Promotion

73 citations , October 1986 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that a combination of topical tretinoin and 0.5% minoxidil resulted in terminal hair regrowth in 66% of subjects with androgenetic alopecia over one year.

research Dose-Response Study of Topical Minoxidil in Male Pattern Baldness

58 citations , July 1986 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Lowest effective minoxidil concentration is 1%, but 2% works better for male pattern baldness.

research The Stumptailed Macaque as a Model for Baldness: Effects of Minoxidil

18 citations , April 1986 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

In this study with stumptailed macaques, topical minoxidil successfully induced hair regrowth on bald scalps and prevented baldness on non-bald scalps, with no observed side effects over nearly three years.

research Topical Minoxidil Dose-Response Effect in Alopecia Areata

11 citations , February 1986 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This study found that 5% topical minoxidil solution led to better hair regrowth response and quality in severe alopecia areata compared to 1% solution, despite regrowth often being cosmetically unacceptable.

research Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Minoxidil

29 citations , August 1985 in “Contact Dermatitis”

Minoxidil can cause allergic reactions like burning, itching, and red bumps.

research Topical Minoxidil in Alopecia Areata: A Double-Blind Trial

6 citations , July 1985 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

In this study, topical minoxidil treatment did not lead to substantial or cosmetically acceptable hair regrowth in most patients with longstanding alopecia areata.

research Topically Applied Minoxidil in Baldness

26 citations , March 1985 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Minoxidil helps hair growth, but results vary.

research Topical Minoxidil Therapy And Hair Regrowth

5 citations , February 1985 in “Archives of Dermatology”

Topical minoxidil can help regrow hair in some people.

research In Vitro Suppression of Human Lymphocyte Activity by Minoxidil

17 citations , January 1985 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

In this study, minoxidil was found to suppress the activity of normal human T-lymphocytes in vitro, though the physiological relevance of this effect remains uncertain.

research Topical Minoxidil for Hair Regrowth

80 citations , September 1984 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In this study, 5% topical minoxidil was observed to promote hair regrowth in some patients with androgenic alopecia, while no regrowth was noted in patients with alopecia areata.

Minoxidil Stimulates Cutaneous Blood Flow in Human Balding Scalps: Pharmacodynamics Measured by Laser Doppler Velocimetry and Photopulse Plethysmography

research Minoxidil Stimulates Cutaneous Blood Flow in Human Balding Scalps: Pharmacodynamics Measured by Laser Doppler Velocimetry and Photopulse Plethysmography

137 citations , May 1984 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil increases blood flow in balding scalps, possibly reversing hair loss.

research Alopecia Areata Treated With Topical Minoxidil

16 citations , April 1984 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This study found that 1% minoxidil topical solution led to terminal hair regrowth in 25 out of 48 patients with alopecia areata, but only 11 patients achieved cosmetically acceptable results.

research Direct Effects of Minoxidil on Epidermal Cells in Culture

63 citations , January 1984 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil promotes hair growth by increasing cell division and DNA synthesis.

research Effect of Minoxidil on Cultured Keratinocytes

72 citations , December 1983 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil helps hair cells live longer and grow longer.

research Topical Minoxidil in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata

80 citations , October 1983 in “BMJ”

This study found that 1% topical minoxidil induced significant hair regrowth in patients with alopecia areata, though it was less effective for those with extensive hair loss such as alopecia totalis and universalis.

research Minoxidil: A Review of Its Pharmacological Properties and Therapeutic Use

96 citations , October 1981 in “Drugs”

Minoxidil effectively treats severe hypertension but may cause side effects, so careful monitoring is needed.

research Reversal of Baldness in Patient Receiving Minoxidil for Hypertension

95 citations , December 1980 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

Minoxidil helped bald patient regrow hair.

research Hypertrichosis Due to Minoxidil

73 citations , November 1979 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Minoxidil can cause excessive hair growth.

research Minoxidil in Resistant Hypertension

102 citations , September 1977 in “The Lancet”

Minoxidil with propranolol and diuretics lowers blood pressure but causes fluid retention and hair growth.

research Minoxidil for Severe Hypertension After Failure of Other Hypotensive Drugs

86 citations , September 1977 in “BMJ”

Minoxidil effectively controls blood pressure in severe cases, but has serious side effects and causes hair growth in women.

research Minoxidil Therapy in Children with Severe Hypertension

54 citations , May 1977 in “The Journal of Pediatrics”

Minoxidil helps lower high blood pressure in kids, but can cause fluid retention and hair growth.