October 2023 in “The Cochrane library” This review identified that baricitinib increases both short- and long-term hair regrowth in patients with alopecia areata compared to placebo, but found inconclusive results for serious adverse effects, while evidence for other treatments remains very uncertain.
July 2022 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study reported that both topical methotrexate 1% gel and minoxidil 5% gel were effective in treating localized alopecia areata, with no significant differences in efficacy between the two treatments.
June 2022 in “Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences” This randomized controlled trial found that topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment is significantly more effective than topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment in promoting hair regrowth in patients with alopecia areata, with effective results observed in 79.31% of clobetasol users compared to 44.82% of tacrolimus users.
148 citations
,
March 2022 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” In two phase 3 trials, this study found that oral baricitinib significantly improved hair regrowth compared to placebo in adults with severe alopecia areata after 36 weeks, though longer trials are needed to ascertain its long-term efficacy and safety.
7 citations
,
February 2022 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” In this randomized controlled trial, intralesional vitamin D3 injections significantly improved localized alopecia areata symptoms compared to a saline placebo, with minimal and transient side effects, suggesting vitamin D3 as an effective treatment option without needing prior serum vitamin D level measurement.
8 citations
,
February 2022 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study found that both fractional CO2 laser and cryotherapy were effective and safe treatments for alopecia areata, with the CO2 laser showing somewhat better results.
1 citations
,
January 2022 in “Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences” This study observed that PRP treatment resulted in greater improvement in hair thickness and density in alopecia areata patients compared to LLLT, with benefits sustained over 12 weeks.
37 citations
,
December 2021 in “Cells” This study found that dysregulation of systemic Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines is associated with alopecia areata, with specific cytokines linked to disease activity and treatment response.
3 citations
,
August 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Baricitinib was more effective than a placebo in regrowing hair in adults with alopecia areata after 36 weeks.
23 citations
,
February 2021 in “Dermatologic therapy” This study found that pentoxifylline plus topical corticosteroids had the highest treatment success rate for alopecia areata compared to no treatment, but the best overall treatment remains uncertain due to varying data.
3 citations
,
November 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study found that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide was more effective than saline for hair regrowth in scalp alopecia areata, with 10 mg/mL showing the best response but more side effects.
1 citations
,
September 2020 in “Cochrane library (CD-ROM)” This Cochrane Review protocol aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various treatments for alopecia areata through a network meta-analysis, but no specific study findings are reported yet.
4 citations
,
July 2020 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” This study found that intralesional minoxidil alone has limited efficacy for non-severe patchy alopecia areata, though it may accelerate hair regrowth compared to spontaneous recovery.
3 citations
,
June 2020 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” In this study, researchers found that triamcinolone acetonide provided earlier visual improvement in alopecia areata treatment, but by 12 weeks, both triamcinolone acetonide and betamethasone 1.75 mg/ml showed similar effectiveness compared to lower-dose betamethasone and placebo.
19 citations
,
December 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study suggests that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide at a concentration of 5 mg/mL may offer the best balance of effectiveness and safety for treating focal alopecia areata.
14 citations
,
August 2019 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This study suggests that combining microneedling with ALA-photodynamic therapy may be a promising treatment option for moderate to severe alopecia areata, achieving significant hair regrowth in some patients.
10 citations
,
July 2019 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology” This study found that azathioprine pulse therapy and betamethasone both effectively managed alopecia areata with similar hair regrowth results, though betamethasone had significantly more side effects, suggesting azathioprine as a preferable alternative to corticosteroids.
9 citations
,
June 2019 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” This study found that both topical calcipotriol and narrow band ultraviolet B phototherapy improved hair regrowth and vitamin D3 levels in alopecia areata patients.
19 citations
,
May 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” In this study, both platelet-rich plasma and intralesional corticosteroids improved hair re-growth in alopecia areata patients, but the difference between treatments was not significant, with fewer relapses observed in the platelet-rich plasma group.
44 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study observed that cyclosporine showed a trend toward improving alopecia areata symptoms compared to placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant.
5 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that oral JAK3 and TYK2/JAK1 inhibitors improved clinical outcomes in alopecia areata patients by reducing immune responses and enhancing hair keratin expression, with stronger effects in those with shorter disease duration.
20 citations
,
March 2019 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” In this study, 5% minoxidil significantly improved outcomes for children and adults with patchy alopecia areata compared to placebo, with moderate quality evidence and no severe adverse events reported, though more research is needed to address remaining uncertainties.
16 citations
,
January 2019 in “Skin appendage disorders” This study used a network meta-analysis to compare alopecia areata treatments, finding that intralesional corticosteroids are most effective for mild cases, while diphenylcyclopropenone ranks highest for moderate to severe cases; further research on oral tofacitinib is needed.
66 citations
,
December 2018 in “Dermatology” This study found that oral JAK inhibitors, ruxolitinib and tofacitinib, are effective and well-tolerated for treating severe alopecia areata, with a similar degree of hair regrowth and relapse rates, but ruxolitinib induced faster initial hair regrowth.
42 citations
,
November 2018 in “Archives of dermatological research” Apremilast was not effective in treating moderate-to-severe alopecia areata.
16 citations
,
October 2018 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” In this study, sildenafil was found to enhance human dermal papilla cell proliferation and promote hair growth in mice, suggesting potential use in alopecia treatment.
41 citations
,
September 2018 in “Australasian journal of dermatology” This review suggests that oral prednisolone pulse therapy and oral inosiplex may be effective for alopecia areata, but robust evidence from randomized controlled trials is lacking, highlighting the need for better-designed future studies.
49 citations
,
August 2018 in “International Journal of Dermatology” In this phase I study, partial hair regrowth was observed in patients with alopecia universalis using topical JAK inhibitors, though more research is needed to confirm potential as a treatment alternative to clobetasol.
100 citations
,
July 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that alopecia areata is linked with a higher prevalence of systemic and psychiatric diseases, suggesting that physicians should monitor for these potential comorbidities.
63 citations
,
April 2018 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This review discusses the efficacy and safety of topical JAK inhibitors for inflammatory skin conditions, reporting modest benefits in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis but mixed results for vitiligo and inconclusive data for alopecia areata.
102 citations
,
December 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” This review discusses the role of immune privilege collapse in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, emphasizing the potential for therapeutic manipulation of hair bulb immune privilege to offer new treatment options, and reports no new results.
20 citations
,
December 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” This article presents a computer imaging algorithm that may automate and enhance the Severity of Alopecia Tool scoring for alopecia areata through texture analysis of pediatric images.
28 citations
,
December 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” This review summarizes findings on the long-term use of tofacitinib for severe alopecia areata, reporting its potential as a promising treatment option.
182 citations
,
December 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This article reviews current and emerging treatments for alopecia areata, including Janus kinase inhibitors, highlighting variability in clinical outcomes and the lack of sustained remission.
290 citations
,
December 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical evaluation, and pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlights recent advancements, but it does not report new clinical findings.
39 citations
,
November 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This review presents standardized methods for assessing and tracking hair loss in alopecia areata but reports no clinical results, with the authors noting time limitations in clinical practice.
34 citations
,
October 2017 in “Archivos Argentinos De Pediatria” This review discusses the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of alopecia areata, exploring potential environmental, immunological, and genetic factors involved in its development, but reports no new research findings.
47 citations
,
June 2017 in “Journal of dermatology” This review highlights the diverse prognoses and limited long-term efficacy of current alopecia areata treatments, discussing existing and emerging therapies—including biologics—and proposing an algorithmic management approach based on specific disease characteristics.
21 citations
,
June 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study reviewed existing articles to assess the efficacy of topical diphenylcyclopropenone immunotherapy for alopecia areata, but it did not report new clinical results.
21 citations
,
May 2017 in “Paediatric drugs” Individualized treatment plans are crucial for children with alopecia areata, with promising options like JAK inhibitors showing significant hair regrowth.
15 citations
,
May 2017 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” In this study, patients with alopecia areata experienced significant hair regrowth using topical latanoprost, minoxidil, or betamethasone valerate, with the addition of latanoprost enhancing the effectiveness of betamethasone valerate, showcasing these treatments as safe and effective options.
22 citations
,
May 2017 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” This study found that BD 1/4 dilution was the most effective corticosteroid concentration for intralesional injection to treat localized alopecia areata in adults, with fewer adverse effects than TA.
56 citations
,
March 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Alopecia areata patients often have eczema, thyroid issues, vitamin-D deficiency, and anemia.
7 citations
,
January 2017 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This study found that superficial cryotherapy significantly increased hair density and thickness in treated eyebrows compared to untreated controls after 5 months in patients with alopecia areata.
62 citations
,
October 2016 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study found that platelet-rich plasma was more effective for treating alopecia areata than topical 5% minoxidil, leading to earlier hair regrowth and reduction in hair abnormalities.
26 citations
,
October 2016 in “American journal of clinical dermatology” New treatments like JAK inhibitors show promise for reversing alopecia areata.
16 citations
,
October 2016 in “The Journal of Dermatology” In this retrospective study, 60.9% of patients with alopecia areata responded to superficial hypothermic cryotherapy, with effectiveness notably higher when the treatment interval was 2 weeks or less, particularly in early disease stages, and minimal side effects were observed.
26 citations
,
October 2016 in “Case Reports in Dermatology” In this study, tofacitinib treatment in a male patient with alopecia areata led to significant hair regrowth and improvement in nail dystrophy symptoms, restoring finger function within 10 months.
128 citations
,
February 2016 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that patients with alopecia areata experience significant impairments in health-related quality of life, notably affecting mental health, according to various quality of life assessment tools.
65 citations
,
December 2015 in “Experimental dermatology” This study found that both Th1 and Th2 immune responses, along with IL-23 and IL-32 cytokine pathways, are active in alopecia areata lesions, and corticosteroid injections significantly altered these immune markers.
18 citations
,
December 2015 in “PubMed” This study found that intralesional triamcinolone was more effective than topical betamethasone for hair regrowth in patients with localized alopecia areata.
50 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that 2.5 mg/mL triamcinolone acetonide injections were as effective as higher doses for treating limited, patchy alopecia areata, while minimizing side effects like skin atrophy.
144 citations
,
July 2015 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This review reports that alopecia areata affects about 2% of people globally and is linked with psychiatric and medical comorbidities, highlighting its significant disease burden.
15 citations
,
January 2015 in “Dermatitis” This review discusses the efficacy and safety of topical sensitizers for treating alopecia areata and reports no new clinical results; it emphasizes advancements in pediatric use, molecular mechanisms, and targeted delivery methods.
36 citations
,
January 2015 in “Dermatology” In this study, bimatoprost solution showed better results than corticosteroid in terms of rapidity, percentage of hair regrowth, and side effects for treating scalp alopecia areata.
16 citations
,
January 2015 in “Current problems in dermatology” This article reviews treatment options and psychological impacts of alopecia areata and reports no new clinical findings.
162 citations
,
October 2014 in “Autoimmunity reviews” This review discusses alopecia areata, highlighting its autoimmune aspects, environmental triggers, and current treatment options, but reports no new clinical results; recent studies suggest JAK pathway intervention may offer therapeutic potential.
44 citations
,
August 2014 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” This study found that methotrexate may be an effective and safe treatment option for severe alopecia areata, with better regrowth results when combined with corticosteroids.
25 citations
,
February 2014 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” The authors concluded that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide may benefit patients with patch-type alopecia areata, but the evidence is limited due to small, bias-prone studies with variations in treatment protocols.
49 citations
,
November 2013 in “JAMA dermatology” This study found that topical clobetasol propionate cream was more effective than hydrocortisone cream in reducing hair loss surface area in children with patchy alopecia areata over 24 weeks, with no serious adverse effects.
205 citations
,
April 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology” In this study, platelet-rich plasma significantly increased hair regrowth and reduced symptoms of alopecia areata compared to triamcinolone acetonide or placebo, with no observed side effects.
13 citations
,
November 2012 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” This study found that topical clobetasol propionate cream provided a modest improvement in hair regrowth for alopecia areata patients, though those with atopy had higher relapse rates after treatment completion.
7 citations
,
October 2012 in “PubMed” This study found that intralesional triamcinolone was more effective than topical anthralin in promoting hair regrowth in alopecia areata patients, but it also had a higher relapse rate.
421 citations
,
April 2012 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss with no cure and treatments that often don't work well.
13 citations
,
July 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” This study found that topical pimecrolimus is as effective as clobetasol propionate for treating alopecia areata, with better tolerability in terms of side effects.
67 citations
,
July 2011 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology” This review discusses various therapeutic agents for alopecia areata, categorized by efficacy and safety, and highlights the lack of curative treatments and long-term outcome studies.
48 citations
,
January 2011 in “International journal of trichology” This study found that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide was most effective for hair regrowth in localized alopecia areata, with betamethasone valerate foam also being beneficial, while tacrolimus ointment showed no significant effect.
43 citations
,
November 2009 in “Archives of dermatology” This study found that alefacept showed no significant improvement in treating severe alopecia areata compared to placebo over a 24-week period.
164 citations
,
April 2008 in “Cochrane library” This review of interventions for alopecia areata found no significant treatment benefits for hair growth compared to placebo, indicating a need for larger, well-conducted studies.
114 citations
,
October 2006 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” In this study, clobetasol propionate foam demonstrated effectiveness and good patient compliance as a safe topical treatment for moderate to severe alopecia areata, with significant hair regrowth compared to placebo.
97 citations
,
January 2006 in “Dermatology” This study found that intramuscular triamcinolone acetonide or pulse therapy effectively treats alopecia areata with manageable side effects, but further strategies are needed to reduce relapse rates.
63 citations
,
January 2006 in “Journal of cosmetic and laser therapy” This study found that pulsed infrared diode laser therapy (904 nm) was effective in promoting hair regrowth in 94% of patients with resistant patches of alopecia areata.
36 citations
,
November 2005 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This article discusses the potential of latanoprost for treating alopecia areata, but notes that well-controlled studies are still needed to confirm its effectiveness.
141 citations
,
February 2005 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, oral prednisolone pulse therapy led to significant hair regrowth in some patients with extensive alopecia areata, whereas no improvement was seen in the placebo group.
16 citations
,
August 2003 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This preliminary study observed that topical nitrogen mustard was beneficial for only 1 out of 6 patients with extensive alopecia areata, with 4 patients not completing the trial.
66 citations
,
July 2003 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This study found that betamethasone valerate foam was more effective and well-tolerated than betamethasone dipropionate lotion in treating mild-to-moderate alopecia areata, with higher hair regrowth rates observed.
39 citations
,
April 2003 in “Australasian journal of dermatology” This study found that PUVA treatment resulted in complete hair regrowth in over half of patients with alopecia areata totalis or universalis, despite a higher treatment failure rate in those with a family history of the condition.
122 citations
,
November 1998 in “Archives of Dermatology” This study found that aromatherapy involving essential oils significantly improved symptoms of alopecia areata compared to carrier oils alone in a randomized controlled trial.
41 citations
,
November 1993 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that DPCP treatment led to cosmetically acceptable hair regrowth in 38% of patients with chronic severe alopecia areata, while adding 5% minoxidil showed no significant clinical benefit.
101 citations
,
November 1992 in “Archives of Dermatology” In this study, tapering prednisone followed by 2% topical minoxidil helped limit hair loss in some patients with alopecia areata, with 30% to 47% showing over 25% hair regrowth initially.
33 citations
,
July 1992 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Minoxidil doesn't affect perifollicular lymphoid infiltration in alopecia areata patients.
26 citations
,
June 1988 in “PubMed” This study found that 3 percent topical minoxidil solution was ineffective in treating severe chronic alopecia areata, as it did not produce cosmetically acceptable hair regrowth.
101 citations
,
March 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Minoxidil solution helps hair regrowth in alopecia areata, with 5% being more effective.
104 citations
,
March 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Minoxidil helps hair growth in 63.6% of alopecia patients, with 27.3% having excellent results.
54 citations
,
March 1987 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, 3% topical minoxidil showed some efficacy in hair regrowth for patients with extensive alopecia areata, especially those with less than total scalp hair loss, but did not lead to complete remission.
18 citations
,
March 1984 in “BMJ” Minoxidil helps hair regrowth in alopecia, but more research needed.
