Pathophysiology of Androgenetic Alopecia and Implications for Treatment: An Overview of Current Literature

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent form of hair loss driven by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors, with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) playing a key role in hair follicle miniaturization. Current treatments, such as finasteride and minoxidil, target androgen pathways to mitigate hair thinning. Emerging therapies like platelet-rich plasma and low-level laser therapy show potential but need further validation. The condition involves complex interactions, including inflammation and changes in lipid metabolism, which exacerbate hair loss. Future treatment strategies may benefit from a broader approach, incorporating inflammation modulation and regenerative techniques like stem cell therapy, to enhance efficacy and address systemic health implications.