Dermal T Cell Immunity and Key Regulatory Signaling Pathways: Implications in Immune-Mediated Alopecia and Hair Regeneration

    January 2025 in “ Genes & Diseases
    Nana Tao, Qingru Sun, Yuyuan Ying, Yitao Wang, Jian‐Li Gao
    TLDR Understanding T cells and signaling pathways can lead to better treatments for hair loss.
    This review examines the role of T cells and signaling pathways in hair follicle regeneration and immune-mediated alopecia, such as alopecia areata (AA) and androgenetic alopecia (AGA). T cells are crucial for hair follicle cycling, but their dysregulation can lead to hair loss. The review highlights the involvement of T cell subsets like Tregs, Th1, Th2, Th17, and Th22 in hair growth and loss, emphasizing their potential as therapeutic targets. It also discusses the importance of signaling pathways, such as Hedgehog and Wnt, and microRNAs in regulating immune cell activity and hair follicle regeneration. The document suggests that understanding these interactions could lead to improved treatments for alopecia, with therapies like JAK inhibitors showing promise.
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