Stem Cell Secretome as a Mechanism for Restoring Hair Loss Due to Stress, Particularly Alopecia Areata: Narrative Review

The document discusses the role of stress in triggering alopecia areata, an autoimmune hair loss condition, and the potential of stem cell secretome in its treatment. Current treatments often yield unsatisfactory results, but stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), show promise due to their ability to differentiate into various cell types and their paracrine and trophic effects. The secretome, including proteins, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and nucleic acids, plays a significant role in hair regeneration. The document also highlights the role of exosomes in hair regeneration, with a study showing ADSC-Exosome therapy improved hair regeneration by modifying certain signaling pathways. The document concludes that stem cells and their secretory factors could be a potential treatment for alopecia areata, but more human trials are needed to optimize the conditions for this therapy.