CD80CD86 Deficiency Disrupts Regulatory CD4+FoxP3+ T Cell Homeostasis and Induces Autoimmune-Like Alopecia

April 2017 in “ Experimental dermatology ”

Ji‐Hyun Bae, Wu Jeong Hwang, Yongwoo Jang, Y. Lee, Da‐Eun Jang, J.H. Kim, Su Cheong Yeom

autoimmune-like alopecia CD80CD86 deficiency CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells Tregs CD4+ T-cell infiltration CD8+ T-cell infiltration hair follicle destruction alopecia areata ALA regulatory T cells T-cell infiltration hair loss autoimmune alopecia

TLDR CD80CD86 deficiency causes hair loss by disrupting regulatory T cells.

The study investigated autoimmune-like alopecia (ALA) in CD80CD86-deficient (B6.CD80CD86−/−) mice, revealing that nearly 100% of these mice experienced hair loss by 40 weeks of age. The deficiency led to a significant reduction in CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which is believed to trigger autoimmune reactions. Histological analysis showed CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration and hair follicle destruction. The study confirmed a negative correlation between Treg numbers and ALA severity. The findings suggested that B6.CD80CD86−/− mice could serve as a valuable model for studying ALA due to their high disease incidence and similarities to human alopecia areata.

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Research cited in this study

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research Alopecia Areata: Animal Models Illuminate Autoimmune Pathogenesis and Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategies

82 citations, March 2016 in “Autoimmunity reviews”

Animal models have helped understand hair loss from alopecia areata and find new treatments.

research The Autoimmune Basis of Alopecia Areata: A Comprehensive Review

162 citations, October 2014 in “Autoimmunity reviews”

Alopecia areata is caused by the immune system attacking hair follicles.

research Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata

106 citations, January 2013 in “Clinical and Developmental Immunology”

Alopecia areata is caused by immune system attacks on hair follicles, often triggered by viral infections.

research Histopathology of Alopecia Areata, Acute and Chronic: Why Is It Important to the Clinician?

43 citations, May 2011 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

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research Primary Follicular Dystrophy With Scarring Dermatitis in C57BL/6 Mouse Substrains Resembles Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia in Humans

56 citations, September 2010 in “Veterinary pathology”

Certain mouse strains develop a skin condition similar to a human hair loss disease due to genetic defects.

research Maintenance of Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Is Linked to Prevention of NK Cell Attack

253 citations, December 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Hair follicles prevent NK cell attacks to avoid hair loss.

research Lymphocytes, Neuropeptides, And Genes Involved In Alopecia Areata

286 citations, August 2007 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation”

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease where T cells attack hair follicles.

research Alopecia Areata in Aging C3H/HeJ Mice

178 citations, June 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Alopecia areata in these mice is inherited, more common in young females, and can be treated with triamcinolone acetonide.

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