Systemic Treatment of Moderate to Severe Alopecia Areata in Adults: Updated Australian Expert Consensus Statement

    September 2025 in “ Australasian Journal of Dermatology ”
    Daniella Kushnir‐Grinbaum, Laita Bokhari, John Frewen … Rodney Sinclair
    Studysummary In this update, researchers incorporated TGA-approved Janus Kinase inhibitors into the Australian treatment guidelines for chronic, moderate to severe Alopecia areata, aiming to enhance recommended therapies by providing guidance on the use and management of these systemic medications.
    Automatically generated from the study's abstract, not written by a person, and not a review of the full paper. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Read the original study, and consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer
    Read the full study on doi.org →
    Discuss this study in the Community →

    Research cited in this study 78

    1. Baricitinib for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata: Results from a 52-Week Multicenter Retrospective Real-World Study Journal of Dermatological Treatment · 2025
    2. Systematic Review and Indirect Treatment Comparisons of Ritlecitinib Against Baricitinib in Alopecia Areata Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2024
    3. Efficacy and Safety of the Oral Janus Kinase 3/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Ritlecitinib Over 24 Months: Integrated Analysis of the ALLEGRO Phase IIb/III and Long-Term Phase III Clinical Studies in Alopecia Areata British Journal of Dermatology · 2024
    4. British Association of Dermatologists Living Guideline for Managing People with Alopecia Areata 2024 British Journal of Dermatology · 2024
    5. Sustained Hair Regrowth With Continued Ritlecitinib Treatment Through Week 48 in Patients With Alopecia Areata: Post Hoc Analysis of the ALLEGRO Phase 2b/3 Trial Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2024
    6. Baricitinib Withdrawal and Retreatment in Patients With Severe Alopecia Areata JAMA Dermatology · 2024
    7. Novel Investigational Drugs for Alopecia Areata and Future Perspectives Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2024
    8. Long-Term Efficacy of Ritlecitinib Up to Month 24 From the ALLEGRO Phase 2b/3 and Long-Term Phase 3 Clinical Studies in Alopecia Areata SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine · 2024
    9. Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Baricitinib in Patients With Severe Alopecia Areata: 104-Week Results From BRAVE-AA1 and BRAVE-AA2 Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2024
    10. The Alopecia Areata Severity And Morbidity Index (ASAMI) Study JAMA Dermatology · 2024
    11. Integrated Safety Analysis of Ritlecitinib, an Oral JAK3/TEC Family Kinase Inhibitor, for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata from the ALLEGRO Clinical Trial Program American journal of clinical dermatology · 2024
    12. Tralokinumab as a Therapeutic Option for Patients with Concurrent Atopic Dermatitis and Alopecia Areata International Journal of Dermatology · 2024
    13. European Expert Consensus Statement on the Systemic Treatment of Alopecia Areata JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2024
    14. Treatments for Alopecia Areata: A Network Meta-Analysis The Cochrane library · 2023
    15. Expecting Scalp Hair Regrowth During Severe Alopecia Areata Treatment with Baricitinib: Insights from Patient Trajectories in Phase III Trials British Journal of Dermatology · 2023
    16. Clinical Outcomes for Uptitration of Baricitinib Therapy in Patients With Severe Alopecia Areata JAMA Dermatology · 2023
    17. Incidence and Prevalence of Alopecia Areata in the Australian Primary Care Setting: A Retrospective Analysis of Electronic Health Record Data Australasian Journal of Dermatology · 2023
    18. The Invisible Impact Of A Visible Disease: Psychosocial Impact Of Alopecia Areata Dermatology and Therapy · 2023
    19. Baricitinib for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata Drugs · 2023
    20. Alopecia Areata: An Updated Review for 2023 Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery · 2023
    21. Efficacy and Safety of Ritlecitinib in Adults and Adolescents With Alopecia Areata: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Multicentre, Phase 2b–3 Trial The Lancet · 2023
    22. Switching Between Tofacitinib and Baricitinib in Alopecia Areata: A Review of Clinical Response Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2023
    23. Efficacy and Safety of Baricitinib in Patients with Severe Alopecia Areata Over 52 Weeks in Phase III Trials American Journal of Clinical Dermatology · 2023
    24. Treatment of Alopecia Areata With the Janus Kinase Inhibitor Upadacitinib: A Retrospective Cohort Study Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2023
    25. Comparison of Efficacy, Safety, and Satisfaction of Latanoprost Versus Minoxidil, Betamethasone, and in Combination in Patients with Alopecia Areata: A Blinded Multiple Group Randomized Controlled Trial Dermatologic Therapy · 2022
    26. Signposts to the Promised Land in Alopecia Areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2022
    27. The Effect of Latanoprost 0.005% Solution in the Management of Scalp Alopecia Areata: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial Dermatologic Therapy · 2022
    28. Maintenance, Withdrawal, and Re-Treatment with Ritlecitinib and Brepocitinib in Patients with Alopecia Areata in a Single-Blind Extension of a Phase 2a Randomized Clinical Trial Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2021
    29. The Epidemiology of Alopecia Areata: A Population-Based Cohort Study in UK Primary Care British Journal of Dermatology · 2021
    30. Sublingual Tofacitinib for Alopecia Areata: A Roll-Over Pilot Clinical Trial and Analysis of Pharmacokinetics International Journal of Dermatology · 2021
    31. Topical Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata Affecting Facial Hair British Journal of Dermatology · 2021
    32. A Phase 2a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of the Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitors Ritlecitinib and Brepocitinib in Alopecia Areata: 24-Week Results Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2021
    33. A Randomized Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Topical Latanoprost Versus Topical Betamethasone Dipropionate Lotion in the Treatment of Localized Alopecia Areata Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology · 2021
    34. Efficacy of Systemic Minoxidil and Tofacitinib Combination in Treatment-Resistant Alopecia Universalis Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · 2020
    35. Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Its Collapse in Alopecia Areata Experimental dermatology · 2020
    36. Cyclosporine With and Without Systemic Corticosteroids in Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review Dermatology and therapy · 2020
    37. Apremilast for Extensive and Treatment-Resistant Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Analysis of Five Patients European Journal of Dermatology · 2020
    38. The Alopecia Areata Investigator Global Assessment Scale: A Measure for Evaluating Clinically Meaningful Success in Clinical Trials British Journal of Dermatology · 2020
    39. Efficacy of Different Concentrations of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2019
    40. Response of Alopecia Areata of the Beard to Oral Tofacitinib Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2019
    41. Combination Tofacitinib and Oral Minoxidil Treatment for Severe Alopecia Areata Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2019
    42. Reactivation of Alopecia Areata After Dupilumab Therapy for Atopic Dermatitis Dermatitis · 2019
    43. Alopecia Areata in 2 Patients Treated with Dupilumab: New Onset and Worsening JAAD Case Reports · 2019
    44. Weekly Azathioprine Pulse Versus Betamethasone Oral Mini-Pulse in the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Alopecia Areata Indian Journal of Dermatology · 2019
    45. Apremilast Is Efficacious in Refractory Alopecia Areata Journal of dermatological treatment · 2019
    46. Cyclosporine for Moderate-to-Severe Alopecia Areata: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Efficacy and Safety Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2019
    47. JAK Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2019
    48. The Efficacy of Topical Minoxidil for Non-Scarring Alopecia: A Systematic Review PubMed · 2019
    49. Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata: An Open-Label Comparative Study Dermatology · 2018
    50. Drug-Induced Alopecia After Dupilumab Therapy JAAD case reports · 2018
    51. A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Single-Center Pilot Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Apremilast in Subjects with Moderate-to-Severe Alopecia Areata Archives of dermatological research · 2018
    52. Treatment of Alopecia Areata: An Australian Expert Consensus Statement Australasian journal of dermatology · 2018
    53. Topical Tofacitinib Solution for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata Affecting Eyelashes JAAD Case Reports · 2018
    54. Treatment of Alopecia Universalis with Topical Janus Kinase Inhibitors – A Double Blind, Placebo, and Active Controlled Pilot Study International Journal of Dermatology · 2018
    55. Hair Regrowth Outcomes of Contact Immunotherapy for Patients With Alopecia Areata JAMA Dermatology · 2018
    56. Alopecia Areata: Treatment Options and Efficacy Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2017
    57. Tofacitinib 2% Ointment, a Topical Janus Kinase Inhibitor, for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Pilot Study of 10 Patients Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2017
    58. Lack of Efficacy of Apremilast in 9 Patients with Severe Alopecia Areata Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2017
    59. Complete Regrowth of Beard Hair with Ruxolitinib in an Alopecia Universalis Patient Skin appendage disorders · 2017
    60. Ruxolitinib Found to Cause Eyelash Growth: A Case Report Journal of medical case reports · 2017
    61. SALT II: A New Take on the Severity of Alopecia Tool for Determining Percentage Scalp Hair Loss Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2016
    62. Oral Ruxolitinib Induces Hair Regrowth in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Alopecia Areata JCI insight · 2016
    63. An Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Bimatoprost for Eyelash Growth in Pediatric Subjects Clinical ophthalmology · 2016
    64. Topical Ruxolitinib for the Treatment of Alopecia Universalis JAMA dermatology · 2015
    65. Alopecia Areata Profiling Shows TH1, TH2, and IL-23 Cytokine Activation Without Parallel TH17/TH22 Skewing ˆThe ‰journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/˜The œjournal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2015
    66. Bimatoprost Versus Mometasone Furoate in the Treatment of Scalp Alopecia Areata: A Pilot Study Dermatology · 2015
    67. How Effective Is Intralesional Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide Compared with Topical Treatments in Inducing and Maintaining Hair Growth in Patients with Alopecia Areata? A Critically Appraised Topic British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement · 2014
    68. The Role of Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Collapse in Alopecia Areata: Status and Perspectives Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings · 2013
    69. Clobetasol Propionate, 0.05%, vs Hydrocortisone, 1%, for Alopecia Areata in Children JAMA dermatology · 2013
    70. Alopecia Areata: An Autoimmune Disease Causing Hair Loss The New England Journal of Medicine · 2012
    71. Randomized Comparison of Topical Betamethasone Valerate Foam, Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide, and Tacrolimus Ointment in Management of Localized Alopecia Areata International journal of trichology · 2011
    72. Genome-Wide Association Study in Alopecia Areata Implicates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity Nature · 2010
    73. Alopecia Areata Update Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2010
    74. Bimatoprost in the Treatment of Eyelash Universalis Alopecia Areata International Journal of Trichology · 2010
    75. Latanoprost in the Treatment of Eyelash Alopecia in Alopecia Areata Universalis Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2009
    76. Twice Weekly 5 mg Betamethasone Oral Pulse Therapy in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2006
    77. Twice Weekly 5 mg Dexamethasone Oral Pulse in the Treatment of Extensive Alopecia Areata The Journal of Dermatology · 1999
    78. Topical Minoxidil Therapy and Hair Regrowth Archives of Dermatology · 1985

    Related research 5

    1. Alopecia Areata: A Multifactorial Autoimmune Condition Journal of autoimmunity · 2018
    2. Linear Alopecia Areata JAAD case reports · 2018
    3. Treating Resistant Cases of Alopecia Universalis Journal of cosmetology & trichology · 2018
    4. Topical Minoxidil for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata PubMed · 2017
    5. Overview of Alopecia Areata ˜The œjournal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/˜The œJournal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings · 2013