Keratins of the Human Hair Follicle

January 2005 in “ International review of cytology ”

Lutz Langbein, Jürgen Schweizer

keratin hair follicle epidermolysis bullosa simplex pachyonychia congenita outer root sheath nail beds hair keratin genes hair follicle biology hereditary disorders keratin expression hair follicle differentiation

Studysummary More research is needed to understand how hair keratins work and their role in hair disorders. Our plain-language summary of this paper — not a Tressless recommendation.

The document reviewed the genomic organization and expression characteristics of human hair keratin genes, highlighting their role in hair follicle biology and hereditary disorders. It noted that research on human hair keratins lagged behind studies in other species. The review discussed the complex regulatory mechanisms of hair keratin expression and the differentiation of hair follicle compartments. It also addressed keratin-related pathologies, such as epidermolysis bullosa simplex and pachyonychia congenita, which affect the outer root sheath and nail beds, respectively. The study emphasized the need for further research to understand the molecular mechanisms governing hair follicle differentiation and keratin expression.

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research Patterns of Expression of Trichocytic and Epithelial Cytokeratins in Mammalian Tissues II: Concomitant and Mutually Exclusive Synthesis of Trichocytic and Epithelial Cytokeratins in Diverse Human and Bovine Tissues (Hair Follicle, Nail Bed and Matrix, Lingual Papilla, Thymic Reticulum)

187 citations , May 1988 in “Differentiation”

This study found that trichocytic cytokeratins, typically found in hair, are also present in nails, filiform papillae of the tongue, and the epithelial reticulum of the thymus.

research Patterns of Expression of Trichocytic and Epithelial Cytokeratins in Mammalian Tissues: Human and Bovine Hair Follicles

248 citations , April 1988 in “Differentiation”

In this study, researchers observed that trichocytic and epithelial cytokeratins have distinct expression patterns within various human and bovine hair follicle cells, contributing to understanding hair follicle development and growth.

research Keratins of the Human Hair Follicle: Hyperproliferative Keratins Consistently Expressed in Outer Root Sheath Cells In Vivo and In Vitro

135 citations , November 1987 in “Differentiation”

This study found that cultured outer root sheath cells from human hair follicles expressed a keratin profile similar to their in vivo environment, indicating environmental influence on keratin expression.

research Cyclosporin A Stimulates Hair Growth in Nude Mice

55 citations , June 1987 in “PubMed”

In this study, cyclosporin A treatment significantly increased hair length in nude mice compared to controls, but hair growth reversed after treatment stopped.

Acidic and Basic Hair/Nail (Hard) Keratins: Their Colocalization in Upper Cortical and Cuticle Cells of the Human Hair Follicle and Their Relationship to Soft Keratins

research Acidic and Basic Hair/Nail (Hard) Keratins: Their Colocalization in Upper Cortical and Cuticle Cells of the Human Hair Follicle and Their Relationship to Soft Keratins

356 citations , December 1986 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology”

This study found that specific human hair keratins are differentially expressed in the hair follicle, suggesting a shared pathway of epithelial differentiation between hair cortex and nail plate cells.

research The Complement of Native Alpha-Keratin Polypeptides of Hair-Forming Cells: A Subset of Eight Polypeptides That Differ from Epithelial Cytokeratins

198 citations , October 1986 in “Differentiation”

research Cell Differentiation in Human Anagen Hair and Hair Follicles Studied with Anti-Hair Keratin Monoclonal Antibodies

81 citations , May 1986 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Immunological Characteristics and Histological Distribution of Human Hair Fibrous Proteins Studied with Anti-Hair Keratin Monoclonal Antibodies HKN-2, HKN-4, and HKN-6

52 citations , February 1986 in “Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry”

This study found that monoclonal antibodies can identify specific immunological characteristics of hair fibrous proteins, with some antibodies reacting only with hair proteins and others showing broader activity with skin and epithelial cells.

research Newer Findings on the Enzymes and Proteins of Hair Follicles

82 citations , November 1959 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences”

This article reviews recent findings on enzymes and proteins in hair follicles and reports no new experimental results.