2 citations
,
July 2020 in “PubMed” This review examined herbal and fungal medicines used for treating androgenic alopecia, detailing 23 medicinal plants and fungi alongside their potential mechanisms and active constituents, aiming to inspire new, more effective formulations with fewer side effects.
13 citations
,
May 2020 in “Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery” This systematic review found inconclusive evidence on the effectiveness of botulinum toxin for treating alopecia and highlighted the need for further prospective randomized controlled trials.
15 citations
,
April 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, intradermal injection of botulinum toxin was associated with increased hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia through the suppression of TGF-β1 secretion from dermal papilla cells.
53 citations
,
August 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study observed that low-dose oral minoxidil and topical minoxidil 5% solution both improved hair density in women with female-pattern hair loss, but oral minoxidil may offer advantages in reducing hair shedding.
2 citations
,
August 2019 in “PubMed” This abstract reports that topical minoxidil is currently the only FDA-approved treatment for pattern hair loss in both men and women.
8 citations
,
June 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study observed that combining nonablative fractional laser treatment with topical minoxidil led to hair regrowth in Chinese alopecia areata patients, noting complete regrowth in some patients and no relapse in the majority at a one-year follow-up, without reported side effects.
4 citations
,
May 2019 in “PubMed” This study reported that the expression of sulfotransferase enzymes in hair follicles remained stable during treatment with topical minoxidil, indicating consistent metabolic activity throughout the treatment period.
8 citations
,
April 2019 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study found that applying topical tretinoin can influence follicular sulfotransferase expression, enabling 43% of predicted nonresponders to minoxidil to respond positively in the context of androgenetic alopecia.
39 citations
,
March 2019 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This study's meta-analysis reported that PRP injections significantly increased hair density compared to baseline and placebo in androgenetic alopecia patients, supporting its use as a beneficial treatment.
5 citations
,
March 2019 in “Dermatologic Clinics” This review discusses recent literature on retinoids, platelet-rich plasma, and JAK inhibitors for hair loss treatments without offering new clinical results.
8 citations
,
October 2018 in “Dermatologic Therapy” In this study of Indian patients with pattern hair loss, 40.8% showed low sulfotransferase enzyme activity in hair follicles, with a higher prevalence of low activity in men compared to women.
12 citations
,
September 2018 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study found that 14 days of low-dose aspirin reduced the predicted response to topical minoxidil in androgenetic alopecia patients from 50% to 27%, suggesting aspirin may inhibit minoxidil efficacy.
145 citations
,
November 2017 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” This guideline review by the European Dermatology Forum evaluates current treatments for androgenetic alopecia but reports no new research findings, aiming to assist dermatologists in selecting safe and effective therapies.
153 citations
,
March 2017 in “Endocrine” This review examines recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of androgenetic alopecia, highlighting two major genetic risk loci, but does not report new clinical findings.
4 citations
,
March 2017 in “PubMed” This study found that a 15% topical minoxidil solution improved hair regrowth in 60% of women with female pattern hair loss who did not respond to the standard 5% solution, without adverse effects.
27 citations
,
March 2017 in “Current Clinical Pharmacology” In this review, the authors discuss the pharmacology of dutasteride and compare its efficacy to finasteride for treating androgenetic alopecia, highlighting dutasteride's effectiveness demonstrated in several clinical trials.
15 citations
,
January 2017 in “JAMA Dermatology” This study found that topical minoxidil improved female pattern hair loss, finasteride was not more effective than placebo, and laser devices showed inconsistent results but increased hair count compared to baseline.
24 citations
,
January 2017 in “International Journal of Trichology” 
110 citations
,
August 2016 in “Drugs” Minoxidil is the only FDA-approved topical drug for treating male or female pattern hair loss, and other medications like finasteride and dutasteride can also increase hair growth.
33 citations
,
August 2016 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” In this study of men with androgenetic alopecia, dutasteride was shown to be more effective than finasteride in increasing hair count and reversing hair miniaturization over 24 weeks, with both treatments displaying similar side effect profiles.
4 citations
,
January 2016 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” This article discusses various hair diseases and emphasizes their significant impact despite affecting a small area, but does not report new clinical findings.
33 citations
,
January 2016 in “Skin appendage disorders” This review examines medical literature on postfinasteride syndrome and reports no new results; the authors call for more controlled studies on permanent sexual dysfunction and mood changes linked to 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors.
33 citations
,
January 2016 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” This review discusses the use of finasteride for androgenetic alopecia and highlights that while it is considered safe, there is concern regarding its sexual side effects, which reverse upon discontinuation.
159 citations
,
October 2015 in “Science Advances” This study observed that applying JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors to mouse and human skin led to rapid hair growth by inducing the anagen phase of hair follicles.
32 citations
,
January 2015 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” This study found that a combination of topical minoxidil and finasteride helped maintain hair density in patients with androgenetic alopecia after initial oral finasteride treatment.
701 citations
,
August 2014 in “Nature medicine” This study found that JAK inhibitors promote hair regrowth in both mice and human alopecia areata cases by blocking key immune pathways involved in disease development.
43 citations
,
August 2014 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study confirmed that a sulfotransferase enzyme test can effectively rule out 95.9% of nonresponders to 5% topical minoxidil for treating androgenetic alopecia.
151 citations
,
May 2014 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This review concluded that oral finasteride for men and topical minoxidil for both genders have the most evidence supporting their effectiveness and safety for treating androgenetic alopecia.
20 citations
,
April 2014 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study reported that sulfotransferase activity in plucked hair follicles can predict treatment response to 5% topical minoxidil in women with androgenetic alopecia with high sensitivity and specificity.
57 citations
,
February 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review discusses the role of Prostaglandin D2 and its synthase in androgenetic alopecia but reports no new clinical findings, suggesting pathways for future therapeutic development.
18 citations
,
February 2014 in “PubMed” This article reviews current diagnostic and treatment approaches for androgenetic alopecia but reports no new results, focusing on its progression and medical management options.
27 citations
,
November 2013 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study suggests that a hair follicle enzyme assay may predict response to minoxidil treatment for androgenetic alopecia with high sensitivity and specificity in a preliminary analysis.
45 citations
,
January 2013 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” This study found that patients with alopecia areata experience significantly poorer quality of life compared to the general population, affecting mental health, social functioning, and overall health outcomes.
46 citations
,
October 2012 in “Dermatologic Clinics” This review discusses treatment options for female pattern hair loss, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and the benefits of combined therapies, but reports no new clinical results.
40 citations
,
October 2012 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This review assessed available treatments for female pattern hair loss and found that minoxidil improved hair regrowth compared to placebo, though high-quality evidence was limited for other interventions.
58 citations
,
September 2012 in “Dermatologic Clinics” This article reviews current knowledge on the causes, diagnosis, and medical treatments for androgenetic alopecia, particularly in men, and reports no new findings.
205 citations
,
March 2012 in “Science Translational Medicine” PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.
39 citations
,
January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology” This study found that topical melatonin solution was associated with positive effects on hair density and reduction in hair loss for androgenetic alopecia, with good tolerability reported in several clinical trials.
218 citations
,
December 2011 in “Advances in Urology” This review discusses the biochemical properties and clinical significance of 5 alpha-reductase isozymes and reports no new clinical results.
44 citations
,
July 2011 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study found that finasteride 1 mg was effective in improving androgenetic alopecia over 10 years in men, particularly those older than 30, with some reporting beneficial results even after 5 years.
100 citations
,
June 2011 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that a once-daily 5% minoxidil topical foam is as effective as a twice-daily 2% minoxidil topical solution for hair growth in women with androgenetic alopecia, with fewer side effects and greater styling convenience.
92 citations
,
June 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that 0.5 mg of dutasteride significantly improved hair growth compared to placebo and was well tolerated over six months in men with male pattern hair loss.
35 citations
,
March 2010 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” This study demonstrates that mouse eyelashes can effectively model human eyelash growth to analyze morphology, development, and the effects of growth-stimulatory agents like bimatoprost.
77 citations
,
April 2009 in “British Journal of Dermatology” In this study, genetic variation in the CYP19A1 gene, particularly the common rs4646 C allele, was associated with an increased risk of female pattern hair loss, especially in women under 40.
57 citations
,
January 2009 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” This study found that both topical and oral finasteride had similar therapeutic effects in treating male androgenic alopecia, with no significant differences in hair thickness, counts, or bald area size.
9 citations
,
December 2008 In this study, untreated men with androgenetic alopecia continued to experience progressive hair loss over a 5-year period, with a significant decline in hair density observed in the placebo group.
20 citations
,
December 2008 in “PubMed” In this study, treatment with finasteride 1 mg/day for five years significantly reduced the likelihood of further visible hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia compared to placebo.
142 citations
,
August 2007 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that a new 5% minoxidil foam formulation significantly increased hair counts and improved hair loss condition in men with androgenetic alopecia over 16 weeks compared to placebo.
103 citations
,
June 2007 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” This article discusses treatment options for androgenetic alopecia, noting that medical interventions like finasteride and minoxidil can halt and partially reverse hair loss in mild to moderate cases, especially when combined with surgery.
38 citations
,
September 2006 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” This study evaluated the effect of 2% ketoconazole lotion for androgenetic alopecia, but the results regarding its effectiveness on clinical appearance remained unclear.
112 citations
,
October 2005 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” This article reviews the clinical, psychological, and management aspects of androgenetic alopecia in men, stating that it can be effectively managed by generalist clinicians with pharmacotherapy and surgical advancements.
103 citations
,
April 2005 in “Experimental dermatology” This study found that PGF2alpha analogues and PGE2 stimulated hair follicle activity in mice, with PGF2alpha analogues also linked to potential side effects like poliosis when used as eye treatments.
219 citations
,
March 2004 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this 48-week trial, 5% topical minoxidil was more effective than both 2% minoxidil and placebo in promoting hair growth in women with female pattern hair loss, with notable improvements in nonvellus hair count and hair growth assessments.
78 citations
,
February 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This article reviews the potential impact of melatonin on hair growth, noting its benefits observed in animals, but reports no clinical results in humans to date.
28 citations
,
December 2003 in “Medical Hypotheses” This paper suggests that ketoconazole 2% shampoo may enhance finasteride's effectiveness in treating androgenetic alopecia by more completely inhibiting the dihydrotestosterone pathway.
155 citations
,
December 2003 in “British Journal of Dermatology” In this study, the researchers did not confirm previously reported links between AGA and smoking or benign prostatic hypertrophy, but found potential associations with alcohol consumption and lean body mass at age 21 that merit further investigation.
56 citations
,
January 2001 in “Dermatology” This study introduces the concept of teloptosis, which influences hair shedding during the telogen phase and affects hair density, highlighting that early or delayed teloptosis has noticeable effects.
68 citations
,
September 1990 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” This study found that minoxidil is bioactivated through sulfation by the phenol-sulfating form of phenol sulfotransferase in human liver.
