Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Hair Loss: What Is the Evidence from a Clinical Perspective?

Stem cell-based therapies, specifically those using stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM), are being investigated as potential treatments for hair follicle regeneration in androgenetic alopecia (AGA) patients. Some studies have shown improved hair density in AGA patients using stromal vascular fraction cells (SVFs) or stem cells, but these need further validation. Recent clinical studies have shown positive effects of stem cell CM on hair regeneration, with adipose stem cell-derived CM enhancing hair thickness and density, stimulating the transition to anagen, and promoting dermal papilla cell proliferation. However, stem cell therapies for hair loss are still in early stages, and the stem cell secretome is emerging as a new alternative due to its efficacy and lower risk compared to cell-based therapies. More comprehensive studies with larger sample sizes, objective evaluation methods, longer follow-up periods, and improved delivery systems are needed to confirm the benefits of stem cells and stem cell-derived CM in treating hair loss.