Advances in the Extracellular Vesicles Treatment of Alopecia

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as a promising treatment for alopecia due to their ability to facilitate intercellular communication and promote hair growth. They offer advantages over traditional treatments, but challenges remain in optimizing dosing, cell sources, and administration frequency. Preclinical studies have shown that EVs from sources like dermal papilla cells can influence hair follicle morphogenesis, while a clinical trial with 30 male patients with androgenetic alopecia reported increased hair density after treatment with stem cell-derived exosomes. However, these studies often lack control groups and have small sample sizes. Continued research is needed to optimize treatment methods and ensure safety and efficacy, with advancements in manufacturing technology expected to enhance clinical application.