Signaling Involved in Hair Follicle Morphogenesis and Development

This case report identifies a novel mutation in a patient with trichorhinophalangeal syndrome 1 and reduced TRPS 1 protein expression in hair follicle tissues compared to normal subjects.

This review discusses mesenchymal–epithelial interactions in hair follicle development and cycling, highlighting recent insights without reporting new experimental results.

This study found that MED1 plays a role in maintaining keratinocyte quiescence and hair follicle stem cell populations, as its absence in mice led to increased keratinocyte proliferation and reduced stem cell numbers.

In this mouse study, researchers found that dermal Wnt signaling/β-catenin activity is essential for fibroblast proliferation and initiating hair follicle formation by interacting with epidermal Wnt ligands.

This study identified TGF-β2 as a crucial signal in hair follicle stem cell regeneration, highlighting its role in counteracting BMP signaling to promote tissue regeneration.

This study found that four microRNAs, which were significantly upregulated in balding hair follicle papilla cells, could play a role in the development of male pattern baldness.

IL-6 contributes to hair loss by shortening the growth phase and causing hair follicles to regress.

This study found that Wnt signaling in the hair follicle is crucial for coordinating the behavior of epithelial and melanocyte stem cells, which drives hair regeneration and melanocyte differentiation in mice.

This study suggests that IGFBP-2 may play a role in basal cell carcinoma development by mediating epidermal progenitor cell expansion in hair follicles with activated Shh signaling.

This study found that NFI-C plays a crucial role in the transition from the telogen to anagen phase of the hair follicle cycle, affecting hair growth initiation in mice.

In this study, the researchers reported that Notch/CSL signaling is crucial for hair follicle differentiation, with Wnt5a signaling and FoxN1 acting as mediators in mice.

In this study, miR-31 was found to play a significant role in hair cycle regulation in mice by controlling key gene expressions involved in hair growth and differentiation.

A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.

This study found that in mice, inactivating beta-catenin in the dermal papilla reduces hair follicle progenitor proliferation and disrupts the hair cycle.

This study found that downregulation of EGF and KGF signaling is necessary for hair follicle initiation in placodes, revealing a new role for KGF in hair follicle formation in mice.

This study found that Akt2 and SGK3 are crucial for postnatal hair follicle development in mice, as their combined absence led to severe hair growth defects due to disrupted β-catenin-dependent transcriptional processes.

This study proposes that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) may connect various signaling pathways in hair follicle tumor formation, offering a potential unified model for understanding these tumors.

Lgr5 is a marker for active, long-lasting stem cells in mouse hair follicles.

This research found that Dlx3 plays a central role in hair formation and regeneration, with its absence leading to alopecia through disrupted differentiation and signaling pathways.

This study found that laminin-511 is crucial for hair morphogenesis in mice, as it influences primary cilia formation and dermal papilla maintenance through noggin and sonic hedgehog signaling.

This research discusses how epithelial stem cells in the skin maintain normal homeostasis, contribute to wound repair, and highlights the importance of these processes, as defects can lead to skin diseases including cancers, but provides no new experimental results.

This study found that Notch signalling promotes differentiation of epidermal cells and acts as a tumour suppressor in the skin by interacting with various pathways and mechanisms.

This study observed that the vitamin D receptor is crucial for hair follicle formation and altering tumor development in the Wnt signaling pathway, suggesting therapeutic potential for vitamin D analogues in related tumors.

This review explores how adult skin epithelia preserve stem cell populations for hair follicle regeneration and wound healing, but reports no new experimental results.

This study found that active BMP signaling prevents epithelial stem cell activation and expansion in hair follicles, while its inhibition leads to HF stem/progenitor cell overproduction and matricomas.

This article reviews the stages and regulation of the hair cycle, highlighting molecular regulators involved, but it does not present new research findings.

This study found that rat whisker follicle stem cells can be expanded in culture and transplanted to form functional hair follicles, demonstrating their multipotency and potential for regenerative medicine.

This study found that stabilized beta-catenin is crucial for activating stem cell transition from quiescence to proliferation in hair follicles by influencing gene expression within the stem cell niche.

This review introduces the morphological and molecular principles of hair follicle development but reports no new experimental results, focusing on recent insights and forming a working hypothesis.

This study found that continuous β-catenin signaling in adult mouse epidermis can reprogram hair follicles to form benign tumors, which regress after the signaling is discontinued.

This study found that BMP receptor IA is crucial for hair progenitor cell differentiation in mice, and its sequential inhibition and activation are necessary to generate a functioning hair shaft.

This article reviews the role of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in hair follicle morphogenesis and the hair cycle, suggesting potential paths for developing treatments for hair growth disorders but providing no new clinical findings.

In this study, Msx2-deficient mice showed progressive hair loss due to shortened anagen phase and prolonged catagen and telogen phases, resulting in cyclic alopecia with structurally abnormal hair shafts.

This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of hair follicle formation and discusses potential future clinical applications for treating hair loss and skin tumors, but it reports no new clinical results.

This study found that the BMP antagonist noggin induces hair growth in postnatal skin by neutralizing BMP4's inhibitory activity, potentially mediated by changes in Shh expression.

This study found that Cutl1 mutant mice experienced retarded lung differentiation and abnormal hair follicle morphogenesis, indicating the vital role of CDP in lung development and hair follicle cell-lineage specification.

This study found that Tcf3 and Lef1 differently regulate cell differentiation in multipotent skin stem cells, with Tcf3 promoting follicle-like features and Lef1, when modified, promoting sebocyte differentiation.

This study found that overexpressing the Hoxc13 gene in mice causes hair loss and a skin condition similar to ichthyosis, identifying several gene targets that may regulate hair growth.

Inhibiting Bmp signaling disrupts hair growth and differentiation.

Whn is crucial for hair growth in certain areas by controlling a specific gene.

This study found that LEF1/TCF3 is necessary but not sufficient for TOPGAL activation in hair follicle development, indicating complex regulation in the skin.

This study found that administering an adenovirus vector to increase Sonic hedgehog gene expression in mouse skin accelerated the transition of hair follicles into the growth phase, promoting hair growth.

This study found that Hoxc13 mutations in mice cause defects in hair, nail, and tongue structures, with the most noticeable issue being brittle hair leading to alopecia.

This study found that 17-beta-estradiol inhibits hair growth in mice by blocking hair follicles in the telogen phase, whereas an estrogen receptor antagonist promotes hair growth by initiating anagen.

This article describes the potential role of various growth factors and molecules in regulating mammalian hair follicle development but does not present new experimental results.