Hair Follicles as Immune Targets: Unraveling Cellular Players, Cytokine Crosstalk, and Precision Pathways for Future Therapy of Alopecia Areata
July 2026
in “
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
”
alopecia areata immune privilege anagen hair follicles immune endotypes IFN-γ IL-17 Th1 Th17 JAK inhibitors tissue-resident memory T-cell IL-15 blockade Treg expansion nanoparticle-based delivery systems topical nano-JAK formulations immune system hair regrowth immune reprogramming follicular penetration
Studysummary This review highlights that alopecia areata is characterized by three immune endotypes, and while JAK inhibitors offer temporary control, upcoming multi-omics diagnostics and immune reprogramming strategies may achieve longer-lasting remission, according to this analysis.
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