Janus Kinase Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Review of Clinical Data

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have shown promising results in treating alopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune disease causing inflammatory hair loss. These inhibitors work by blocking the signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway, thereby interfering with T-cell-mediated inflammatory cytokine pathways and promoting hair follicle stem cell activation. Clinical data indicate that JAK inhibitors are effective and safe for AA treatment, with minimal serious side effects. The review discusses the mechanism of action and evaluates the efficacy and safety of various JAK inhibitors in managing AA.