Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Jak-Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review

    Andrea Sechi, J Song, Massimo Dell'Antonia, Kristine Heidemeyer, Bianca Maria Piraccini, Michela Starace, Luigi Naldi
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    TLDR JAK-inhibitors for alopecia areata are generally safe with mostly mild side effects and a low rate of treatment withdrawal.
    This systematic review evaluated the adverse events (AEs) associated with Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK-I) in treating alopecia areata (AA) across 28 studies involving 1,719 patients treated with JAK-I and 490 receiving a placebo. The JAK-I drugs studied included baricitinib, brepocitinib, deuruxolitinib, ritlecitinib, ruxolitinib, and tofacitinib, administered for a median duration of 36 weeks. Common AEs included upper respiratory infections, acne, and headaches, with severe AEs being rare. The review concluded that while JAK-I are effective for AA, their benefit-risk profiles require careful consideration due to potential AEs, emphasizing the need for regular safety monitoring and long-term efficacy assessments.
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