The Efficacy and Safety of JAK Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

    August 2022 in “ Frontiers in pharmacology ”
    Diqin Yan, Huaying Fan, Min Chen, Xia Lin, Simin Wang, Wanli Dong, Qian Wang, Suping Niu, Huiying Rao, Liming Chen, Xiaoyan Nie, Y. Fang
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    TLDR Oral JAK inhibitors are effective and safe for treating alopecia areata but may need ongoing use to keep results.
    This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata (AA) by analyzing 14 prospective studies involving 1845 patients. The results showed that oral JAK inhibitors significantly improved response rates compared to controls in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), while topical JAK inhibitors did not. Non-RCTs indicated varying response rates for oral (63%), topical (28%), and sublingual (11%) JAK inhibitors. The recurrence rate after stopping JAK inhibitors was high at 54%. Adverse events were generally mild and manageable. The study concluded that oral JAK inhibitors are effective and well-tolerated for AA, but continuous treatment may be necessary to maintain results.
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