The Efficacy and Safety of JAK Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

August 2022 in “ Frontiers in pharmacology ”

Diqin Yan, Huaying Fan, Min Chen, Xia Lin, Simin Wang, Wanli Dong, Qian Wang, Suping Niu, Huiying Rao, Liming Chen, Xiaoyan Nie, Y. Fang

JAK inhibitors alopecia areata oral JAK inhibitors topical JAK inhibitors sublingual JAK inhibitors randomized controlled trials RCTs adverse events recurrence rate AA

TLDR Oral JAK inhibitors are effective and safe for treating alopecia areata but may need ongoing use to keep results.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata (AA) by analyzing 14 prospective studies involving 1845 patients. The results showed that oral JAK inhibitors significantly improved response rates compared to controls in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), while topical JAK inhibitors did not. Non-RCTs indicated varying response rates for oral (63%), topical (28%), and sublingual (11%) JAK inhibitors. The recurrence rate after stopping JAK inhibitors was high at 54%. Adverse events were generally mild and manageable. The study concluded that oral JAK inhibitors are effective and well-tolerated for AA, but continuous treatment may be necessary to maintain results.

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18 / 18 results

research Two Phase 3 Trials of Baricitinib for Alopecia Areata

148 citations , May 2022 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

Baricitinib was effective in treating alopecia areata in two major trials.

research Alopecia Areata and Tofacitinib: A Prospective Multicenter Study from a Saudi Population

9 citations , October 2021 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Tofacitinib is effective and safe for treating severe hair loss in a Saudi population.

research Efficacy and Safety of the Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitor Baricitinib in the Treatment of Adults with Alopecia Areata: Phase 2 Results from a Randomized Controlled Study

66 citations , October 2021 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Baricitinib is effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata.

research Response to Baricitinib in the Treatment of Patients with Early and Late Onset Alopecia Areata in the Phase 2 Portion of BRAVE-AA1 Randomized Controlled Trial

1 citations , September 2021 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Baricitinib was effective in treating both early and late onset alopecia areata.

research Time to Scalp Hair, Eyebrow, and Eyelash Improvement in Patients with Alopecia Areata Treated with Baricitinib in the Phase 2 Portion of the Phase 2/3 BRAVE-AA1 Study

1 citations , September 2021 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Baricitinib helped improve hair, eyebrow, and eyelash growth in alopecia areata patients.

research Efficacy and Safety of Baricitinib in Adults with Alopecia Areata: Phase 3 Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial (BRAVE-AA1)

3 citations , September 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Baricitinib was more effective than a placebo in regrowing hair in adults with alopecia areata after 36 weeks.

research Sublingual Tofacitinib for Alopecia Areata: A Roll-Over Pilot Clinical Trial and Analysis of Pharmacokinetics

9 citations , May 2021 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

The trial showed that a new under-the-tongue treatment for severe hair loss was somewhat effective in a small group of people.

research Selective Inhibition of JAK3 Signaling Is Sufficient to Reverse Alopecia Areata

42 citations , April 2021 in “JCI insight”

Blocking JAK3 signaling can reverse hair loss from alopecia areata.

research Benefit and Risk Profile of Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

54 citations , October 2019 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

Tofacitinib is somewhat effective for alopecia areata, but more research is needed on its safety and long-term effects.

research JAK Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

130 citations , April 2019 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

JAK inhibitors are effective for treating alopecia areata, with most patients seeing hair growth after treatment.

research Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata: An Open-Label Comparative Study

66 citations , December 2018 in “Dermatology”

Both ruxolitinib and tofacitinib are effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata, but relapses are common.

research Systemic Treatments for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review

41 citations , September 2018 in “Australasian journal of dermatology”

No systemic treatment for alopecia areata has strong evidence of effectiveness.

research An Open-Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Moderate to Severe Patch-Type Alopecia Areata, Totalis, and Universalis

130 citations , July 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Tofacitinib may help treat severe hair loss, but more research is needed.

research Tofacitinib 2% Ointment, a Topical Janus Kinase Inhibitor, for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Pilot Study of 10 Patients

48 citations , February 2018 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Tofacitinib 2% ointment helped hair regrow in 3 out of 10 patients with alopecia areata, but caused side effects like scalp irritation and raised cholesterol in some.

2 / 2 results

research Resistant Alopecia Areata Treated with Tofacitinib

1 citations , January 2022 in “International Journal of Trichology”

Tofacitinib can be effective in treating hair loss caused by alopecia areata.

research Successful Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata With Oral or Topical Tofacitinib

4 citations , July 2018 in “PubMed”

Oral and topical tofacitinib can help regrow hair in people with severe alopecia areata.