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    Glossary Randomized Controlled Trials

    scientific studies comparing treatments by randomly assigning participants

    Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are scientific studies designed to test the effectiveness of medical treatments or interventions by randomly assigning participants to either a treatment group or a control group. This randomization helps eliminate bias, ensuring that any differences observed between the groups can be attributed to the treatment itself rather than other factors. RCTs are considered the gold standard in clinical research for establishing causality and assessing the efficacy and safety of new therapies.

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      Weak form of estrogen applied to the scalp
      • Alfatradiol: Can it help if my hair loss is linked to DHT? The one randomised trial of topical alfatradiol — in 103 women — found hair thickness and density essentially unchanged after six months, while minoxidil improved both; its authors credited alfatradiol with slowing hair loss, but the trial had no placebo group to test that. Laboratory work on isolated follicles suggests a local effect on DHT, but no controlled trial in men appears to have been published.

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