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Did you mean Programmed Cell Death Protein 1?

Glossary Programmed Cell Death Protein 1

regulates immune response by inhibiting T cell activity

Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) is a protein found on the surface of immune cells, such as T cells. It plays a crucial role in regulating the immune system by preventing overactivation, which can lead to autoimmune diseases. PD-1 achieves this by binding to its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, which are often expressed on cancer cells, thereby inhibiting the immune response against these cells. This mechanism is a target for cancer immunotherapy, where blocking PD-1 can enhance the body's ability to fight cancer.

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research Expression patterns of programmed cell death 4 protein in normal human skin and some representative skin lesions

37 citations , February 2007 in “Experimental Dermatology”

This study found that PDCD4 protein expression is reduced in various skin cancers compared to normal skin, suggesting its potential role in preventing or treating certain skin cancers.

research Psoriasis is characterized by deficient negative immune regulation compared to transient delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions

15 citations , June 2015 in “F1000Research”

This study examined immune responses to Diphencyprone and found that its induced skin reactions have higher levels of negative immune regulators compared to psoriasis, suggesting differences in immune regulation may contribute to psoriasis chronicity.

research Anti-programmed cell death protein 1-induced lichenoid changes of the nail unit: Histopathologic description

12 citations , March 2021 in “JAAD Case Reports”

This study reported that immunotherapy in cancer patients can lead to skin-related immune adverse events, such as rashes, pruritus, and vitiligo, affecting a substantial proportion of patients.

research Cell Density-Dependent Upregulation of PDCD4 in Keratinocytes and Its Implications for Epidermal Homeostasis and Repair

10 citations , December 2015 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This study suggests that PDCD4 regulates keratinocyte proliferation and contact inhibition, playing a role in epidermal homeostasis and wound healing.

Higher PDCD4 Expression Is Associated With Obesity, Insulin Resistance, Lipid Metabolism Disorders, And Granulosa Cell Apoptosis In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

research Higher PDCD4 expression is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism disorders, and granulosa cell apoptosis in polycystic ovary syndrome

34 citations , February 2016 in “Fertility and Sterility”

This study suggests that higher PDCD4 expression may play a significant role in polycystic ovary syndrome pathogenesis through its association with obesity, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism disorders, and increased granulosa cell apoptosis.

Differences in Cell Subsets Between Sun-Exposed and Unexposed Skin: Preliminary Single-Cell Sequencing and Biological Analysis from a Single Case

research Differences in cell subsets between sun-exposed and unexposed skin: preliminary single-cell sequencing and biological analysis from a single case

3 citations , October 2024 in “Frontiers in Medicine”

This study investigated single-cell changes in photoaged skin, revealing distinct cell clusters and increased activity in PD-L1 and PD-1 pathways in sun-exposed areas, enhancing understanding of UVA-induced skin damage and potential prevention targets for photoaging and UV-induced skin cancers.

research Persistently curly hair phenotype with the use of nivolumab for squamous cell lung cancer

19 citations , October 2016 in “Journal of oncology pharmacy practice”

In this study, the first case of a persistent curly hair phenotype was reported with nivolumab treatment in a patient with metastatic squamous cell lung cancer.

research Apoptosis and cutaneous biology

60 citations , June 1997 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This review discusses the basic biology of apoptosis and its relevance to skin diseases, without presenting new research findings.

research BMP signaling in the control of skin development and hair follicle growth

165 citations , December 2004 in “Differentiation”

This review discusses the critical role of BMP signaling in the development and regulation of skin and hair follicles and notes that further research could aid therapeutic advances; it presents no new clinical results.

research Cornification

September 2018

This review discusses the cornification process of epidermal keratinocytes in forming the skin barrier and reports no new results; it emphasizes the importance for diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders.

research Connarus semidecandrus Jack Exerts Anti-Alopecia Effects by Targeting 5α-Reductase Activity and an Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

2 citations , June 2022 in “Molecules”

This study demonstrated that an ethanol extract of Connarus semidecandrus Jack showed potential anti-androgenic alopecia effects in a testosterone-induced model, suggesting a possible treatment option for hair loss.

research Controlling Hair Loss by Regulating Apoptosis in Hair Follicles: A Comprehensive Overview

1 citations , December 2023 in “Biomolecules”

This review highlights the importance of apoptosis in the hair cycle, particularly its role in hair follicle regression and loss, suggesting that understanding its mechanisms can aid in developing treatments to reduce hair loss and promote hair growth.

research Autophagy-Mediated Cellular Remodeling during Terminal Differentiation of Keratinocytes in the Epidermis and Skin Appendages

7 citations , October 2024 in “Cells”

The researchers reported that autophagy, a lysosome-dependent degradation mechanism, plays a significant role in the cellular remodeling of keratinocyte differentiation in the skin, affecting the properties of the differentiation products by altering cellular components during this process.

research Alopecia and hair repigmentation associated with anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy

2 citations , November 2024 in “JAAD Case Reports”

Anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy can cause hair loss and unexpected hair color change, but treatment can restore hair growth and color.

PBX1 Attenuates Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence and Apoptosis by Alleviating Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated DNA Damage Instead of Enhancing DNA Damage Repair

research PBX1 Attenuates Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence and Apoptosis by Alleviating Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated DNA Damage Instead of Enhancing DNA Damage Repair

9 citations , November 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology”

This study found that PBX1 overexpression reduces hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cell senescence and apoptosis by alleviating ROS-mediated DNA damage, rather than enhancing DNA repair.

research Induction of ferroptosis by natural products in non-small cell lung cancer: a comprehensive systematic review

6 citations , May 2024 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology”

This review discusses the potential of natural products to induce ferroptosis as a promising therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung cancer and reports no clinical results; the authors highlight the need for further comprehensive studies.

Cell Death in the Skin: Mechanisms and Implications

research Cell death in the skin

120 citations , February 2009 in “Apoptosis”

This review examines apoptotic and anti-apoptotic mechanisms in skin homeostasis and related diseases but presents no new research findings.

research Expression of COX-2 and Bcl-2 in 50 patients of Lichen Planus

April 2020 in “International journal of clinical and diagnostic pathology”

This study examined Bcl-2 and COX-2 expression in Lichen Planus cases, highlighting their roles in apoptosis protection and inflammation, with results analyzed statistically.

research Hormone-induced aberrations in electromagnetic adhesion signaling as a developmental factor of androgenetic alopecia

4 citations , April 2002 in “Medical Hypotheses”

Hormones cause hair loss by affecting cell growth and weakening cell attraction.

research Epidermal Stem Cells in Hair Follicle Cycling and Skin Regeneration: A View From the Perspective of Inflammation

18 citations , November 2020 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology”

This review discusses how inflammation influences hair follicle stem cell activities like wound healing and follicle cycling and suggests a potential link between inflammation, stem cell activation, and programmed cell death.

research The functions of ocu-miR-205 in regulating hair follicle development in Rex rabbits

3 citations , April 2020

This study found that ocu-miR-205 affects signaling pathways, promoting the apoptosis of dermal papilla cells and influencing hair follicle density in Rex rabbits.

research Age-induced hair greying - the multiple effects of oxidative stress

67 citations , August 2013 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

This review discusses the role of oxidative stress in hair greying and suggests that understanding melanocyte susceptibility at different follicular locations may help develop therapies for preventing and reversing the process; it reports no new experimental results.

research Effect of 5α-Dihydrotestosterone and Testosterone on Apoptosis in Human Dermal Papilla Cells

58 citations , January 2006 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology”

This study found that testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone induced apoptosis in dermal papilla cells from nonbalding scalp regions, suggesting a high androgen stimulus can trigger cell death related to androgenetic alopecia.

research Septin4 promotes cell death in human colon cancer cells by interacting with BAX

6 citations , January 2020 in “International Journal of Biological Sciences”

This study found that lower expression of Septin4 is significantly associated with worse outcomes in colon cancer, and its interaction with BAX in DOX treatment suggests its potential in targeted therapy.

research Topical Delivery of Protein and Peptide Using Novel Cell Penetrating Peptide IMT-P8

61 citations , May 2016 in “Scientific reports”

This study found that IMT-P8, a novel cell-penetrating peptide, effectively facilitated the dermal delivery of proteins and peptides in mouse skin and cell lines, suggesting potential for topical applications in cosmetics and skin diseases.

research Wnt Signaling and Injury Repair

232 citations , June 2012 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology”

This review summarizes the roles of Wnt signaling in wound healing but presents no new clinical findings, suggesting potential for Wnt-based therapies to enhance tissue regeneration.

research From Hair to Colon: Hair Follicle-Derived MSCs Alleviate Pyroptosis in DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Releasing Exosomes in a Paracrine Manner

1 citations , January 2022 in “Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity”

This study found that hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cells can alleviate pyroptosis and improve ulcerative colitis symptoms in mice, suggesting potential new treatments for the condition.