TLDR Different ectodermal organs like hair and feathers regenerate differently, with specific stem cells and signals involved in their growth and response to the environment.
The document from 2013 examines the regenerative biology and evolutionary development of ectodermal organ stem cells, particularly in hair, feathers, scales, and teeth. It describes how different ectodermal organs employ various regeneration strategies, such as continuous renewal or episodic regeneration, with mammalian hairs and avian feathers undergoing episodic regeneration. The study highlights the specific locations of stem cells in hair and feather follicles and the role of BMP4 and Shh in feather branching and differentiation. It also discusses the evolution of feathers, detailing the discovery of diverse feather forms in nonavian dinosaurs and the processes contributing to feather morphogenesis. Additionally, the document explores hair follicle stem cell regulation, the hair cycle phases, and the influence of BMP signaling on hair regeneration. It notes that hair follicle activation is stochastic and can respond to environmental stimuli. The research was funded by the US NIH and China NSFC.
50 citations
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September 2012 in “Developmental Biology” Sprouty and FGF balance is crucial for normal feather shape and size.
60 citations
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April 2012 in “Physiology” The document concludes that understanding hair and feather regeneration can help develop new regenerative medicine strategies.
59 citations
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February 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Environmental factors at different levels control hair stem cell activity, which could lead to new hair growth and alopecia treatments.
499 citations
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September 2011 in “Cell” Fat-related cells are important for initiating hair growth.
176 citations
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April 2011 in “Science” Hair stem cell regeneration is controlled by signals that can explain different hair growth patterns and baldness.
85 citations
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October 2006 in “Current opinion in cell biology” Feather growth and regeneration involve complex patterns, stem cells, and evolutionary insights.
21 citations
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May 2022 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Hair growth and health are influenced by factors like age, environment, and nutrition, and are controlled by various molecular pathways. Red light can promote hair growth, and understanding these processes can help treat hair-related diseases.
21 citations
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May 2016 in “Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine” MMP-2 and MMP-9 help hair grow, while their inhibitors peak when hair growth slows.
158 citations
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February 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 95 citations
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July 2006 in “British Journal of Dermatology” 
224 citations
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March 2006 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” The document concludes that understanding hair follicle biology can lead to better hair loss treatments.
10 citations
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October 2000 in “PubMed” E6/E7 oncogenes in hair follicles cause continuous hair growth by skipping the resting phase.
