Systemic Immunotherapies

January 2024 in “ Elsevier eBooks ”

Sarah Benton, Ronda S. Farah, Maria Hordinsky

oral steroids janus kinase inhibitors JAK inhibitors methotrexate cyclosporine biologics alopecia areata cicatricial alopecias androgenetic alopecia AGA antihistamines photobiomodulation platelet-rich plasma PRP

TLDR Systemic immunotherapies are used for immune-related hair loss but not usually for genetic hair loss, unless the patient has both conditions.

Systemic immunotherapies, including oral steroids, janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, methotrexate, cyclosporine, and biologics, are often used to treat immune-mediated hair loss conditions like alopecia areata and cicatricial alopecias. These treatments are not typically used for androgenetic alopecia (AGA), but some existing AGA treatments, such as antihistamines, photobiomodulation, and platelet-rich plasma, do have anti-inflammatory effects. Systemic immunotherapy may be indicated for AGA patients if they also have immune-mediated hair loss like alopecia areata.

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research Treatment of Pediatric Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review

48 citations , June 2022 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Topical corticosteroids are the best initial treatment for children's alopecia areata.

research Perifollicular Inflammation and Follicular Spongiosis in Androgenetic Alopecia

1 citations , February 2022 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Hair loss in both Androgenetic Alopecia and Alopecia Areata is often accompanied by inflammation around hair follicles, but the location and severity of this inflammation varies.

research Setipiprant for Androgenetic Alopecia in Males: Results from a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2a Trial

3 citations , October 2021 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology”

research Clinical Patterns of Hair Loss in Men

3 citations , July 2021 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

The document concludes that more research is needed to understand hair loss in men and to find new treatments.

research Understanding Causes of Hair Loss in Women

4 citations , July 2021 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

The conclusion is that hair loss in women is caused by a mix of hormonal, environmental, and genetic factors, and treatments should target these various causes.

research Platelet-Rich Plasma and Cell Therapy

11 citations , July 2021 in “Dermatologic clinics”

PRP and cell therapies may help with hair loss, but more research is needed.

research Systemic Dexpanthenol as a Novel Treatment for Female Pattern Hair Loss

5 citations , April 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

Dexpanthenol improves hair growth and satisfaction in women without side effects.

research The Inflammatory Aspect of Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss

9 citations , November 2020 in “Journal of Inflammation Research”

Inflammation affects hair loss; anti-inflammatory treatments may help.

research Dexpanthenol May Be a Novel Treatment for Male Androgenetic Alopecia: Analysis of Nine Cases

7 citations , May 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

Dexpanthenol improves hair growth in male baldness.

research At The Crossroads Of Two Alopecias: Androgenetic Alopecia Pattern Of Hair Regrowth In Patients With Alopecia Areata Treated With Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitors

4 citations , May 2020 in “JAAD case reports”

JAK inhibitors help hair regrowth but not fully effective for androgenetic alopecia.

research Cyclosporine With and Without Systemic Corticosteroids in Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review

13 citations , April 2020 in “Dermatology and therapy”

Cyclosporine combined with corticosteroids is more effective for severe alopecia areata than cyclosporine alone.

research JAK Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

130 citations , April 2019 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

JAK inhibitors are effective for treating alopecia areata, with most patients seeing hair growth after treatment.

research Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Alopecia: A Comprehensive Review

40 citations , February 2019 in “Skin appendage disorders”

Some alternative treatments for hair loss might work, but more research is needed.

research The Use of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Alopecia Areata: A Review of the Literature

17 citations , January 2019 in “Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery”

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating hair loss in alopecia areata but need more clinical trials to confirm safety and effectiveness.

research Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata: An Open-Label Comparative Study

66 citations , December 2018 in “Dermatology”

Both ruxolitinib and tofacitinib are effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata, but relapses are common.

research Treatment of Alopecia Areata: An Australian Expert Consensus Statement

95 citations , November 2018 in “Australasian journal of dermatology”

Alopecia areata treatment varies, with no optimal method established yet.

research Hair-Growth Potential of Ginseng and Its Major Metabolites: A Review on Its Molecular Mechanisms

52 citations , September 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Ginseng and its compounds may help hair growth and prevent hair loss, but more human trials are needed to confirm this.

research Treatment of Alopecia Universalis with Topical Janus Kinase Inhibitors – A Double Blind, Placebo, and Active Controlled Pilot Study

49 citations , August 2018 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Topical JAK inhibitors may help treat alopecia universalis by promoting hair regrowth.

research Photobiomodulation Therapy for Androgenetic Alopecia: A Clinician’s Guide to Home-Use Devices Cleared by the FDA

15 citations , April 2018 in “Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy”

FDA-cleared devices may help treat hair loss, but more research needed; consult dermatologist before use.

research A Preliminary Study on Topical Cetirizine in the Therapeutic Management of Androgenetic Alopecia

21 citations , February 2018 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment”

Topical cetirizine improves hair density and thickness in androgenetic alopecia, but more research is needed.

research Alopecia Areata: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis and Management

99 citations , July 2017 in “Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology”

New treatments for Alopecia Areata show promise but need to be more effective and affordable.

research Review of Treatment for Alopecia Totalis and Alopecia Universalis

44 citations , April 2017 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

No treatment is completely effective for alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis.

research Apoptosis in Follicles of Individuals with Female Pattern Hair Loss Is Associated with Perifollicular Microinflammation

30 citations , December 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

Hair loss in women links to inflammation around hair follicles.

research Multi-Therapies in Androgenetic Alopecia: Review and Clinical Experiences

55 citations , July 2016 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

Multiple treatments work best for hair loss.

research Efficacy and Safety of Methotrexate in Alopecia Areata

44 citations , September 2014 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia”

Methotrexate is a promising and safe treatment for severe alopecia areata, with better results when combined with corticosteroids.

research Does Prostaglandin D2 Hold the Cure to Male Pattern Baldness?

57 citations , March 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Prostaglandin D₂ might be targeted for new male pattern baldness treatments.

research Efficacy and Safety of a Low-Level Laser Device in the Treatment of Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Multicenter, Randomized, Sham Device-Controlled, Double-Blind Study

147 citations , January 2014 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology”

Laser device increases hair density, safe for treating hair loss in men and women.

research Pulse Corticosteroid Therapy for Alopecia Areata in Children: A Retrospective Study

38 citations , January 2013 in “Dermatology”

Careful patient selection is key for effective pulse corticosteroid treatment in children with alopecia areata.

research Safety and Efficacy of Adalimumab for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata: Case Series of Three Patients

12 citations , July 2012 in “Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery”

Adalimumab was safe but mostly ineffective for severe alopecia areata.

research A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study to Assess the Efficacy of a 24-Week Topical Treatment by Latanoprost 0.1% on Hair Growth and Pigmentation in Healthy Volunteers with Androgenetic Alopecia

81 citations , May 2012 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Latanoprost 0.1% may effectively treat hair loss.

research Prostaglandin D2 Inhibits Hair Growth and Is Elevated in Bald Scalp of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

205 citations , March 2012 in “Science Translational Medicine”

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

research Psoriatic Alopecia/Alopecia Areata–Like Reactions Secondary to Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Therapy: A Novel Cause of Noncicatricial Alopecia

72 citations , April 2011 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology”

Anti-TNF therapy can cause a unique type of hair loss that may get better with topical treatments without stopping the therapy.

research Alefacept for Severe Alopecia Areata: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

43 citations , November 2009 in “Archives of dermatology”

Alefacept does not effectively treat severe alopecia areata.

research Androgenetic Alopecia in Males: A Histopathological and Ultrastructural Study

42 citations , June 2009 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

Hair loss in males involves inflammation, collagen buildup, and follicle damage, with severity increasing with age and baldness duration.

research Oral Cyclosporin Does Not Arrest Progression of Androgenetic Alopecia

1 citations , November 2001 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Oral cyclosporin doesn't stop hair loss.

research Androgenetic Alopecia and Microinflammation

131 citations , August 2000 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Inflammation may be linked to hair loss, and targeting specific enzymes could help treat it.

research Histopathology of Non-Scarring Alopecia

122 citations , April 1995 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology”

The document describes how to tell different types of non-scarring hair loss apart by looking at hair and scalp tissue under a microscope.

3 / 3 results

research Alopecia Areata: A Multifactorial Autoimmune Condition

148 citations , March 2019 in “Journal of autoimmunity”

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

research Linear Alopecia Areata

4 citations , November 2018 in “JAAD case reports”

Alopecia areata can sometimes appear as a straight line of hair loss instead of round patches.

research Treating Resistant Cases of Alopecia Universalis

May 2018 in “Journal of cosmetology & trichology”

Combining platelet-rich plasma therapy with prostaglandin-F eye drops can significantly regrow hair in alopecia universalis.