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Photobiomodulation helps protect hair follicle cells from damage caused by DHT.

In this study, researchers observed that the skin quality and hair follicle development of Rex rabbits improved when slaughtered in winter compared to summer, with findings suggesting seasonal regulation via multiple signaling pathways affecting fur characteristics.

This study reports that a collagen scaffold with p-Coumaric acid showed promising wound-healing effects in diabetic wound models by enhancing tissue regeneration and balancing collagen turnover.

This study found that polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharide may reduce skin scarring in rats by influencing the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

This study found that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote cutaneous wound healing in rats by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.

This review discusses mesenchymal stem cells' role in tissue regeneration and skin anti-aging, highlighting their migration to damaged sites and secretome effects, but reports no new clinical results.

This study suggests that TGF-β receptor 1 may play a role in deer antler skin cell differentiation and dermis fibroblasts' rapid proliferation, potentially aiding the alignment of skin and cartilage growth rates in sika deer antlers.

In this study, the high polarity fraction of Lanzhou Fat-Tailed Sheep tail fat showed significant antioxidant and wound healing properties in a mouse model, promoting faster wound closure and reducing inflammation by modulating cytokine levels and enhancing collagen production.

This study found that Punica granatum ethanolic leaf extract may alleviate skin fibrosis in rats by modulating inflammation-related pathways and reducing dermal alterations.

This study found that in a fluconazole-induced alopecia-like rat model, a 14-day treatment with hypoxia-induced mesenchymal stem cell exosomes significantly increased TGF-β and PDGF levels, which may improve hair growth and suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for alopecia and other inflammation-related skin disorders.

This study reviews evidence that in keloid development, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) drives fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis not only through the classical Smad-dependent pathway but also via equally important Smad-independent signaling cascades, suggesting these pathways as possible targets for more effective keloid therapies.

This study found that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in secondary hair follicle-derived dermal papilla cells from cashmere goats, likely via the TGF-β2/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

This study reported that Cosmos caudatus extract alone may therapeutically modulate the AR–FGF-2 axis in a BPH rat model, comparable to finasteride, but combining them disrupted pathway regulation, increasing TGF-β levels.

This review discusses how TGF-β3 influences fate decisions of various stem cell types, highlighting its role in proliferation, differentiation, and cell death through classical and non-classical signalling pathways.

This study found that Gynostemma pentaphyllum hydrodistillate and Damulin B exert significant anti-photoaging effects in UVB-irradiated models by reducing oxidative stress, improving ECM integrity, and enhancing skin hydration and elasticity.

In this study on fine-wool sheep, researchers found that overexpressing the TGFBR1 gene decreased proliferation of dermal papilla cells by influencing multiple signaling pathways, suggesting TGFBR1 as a negative regulator in hair follicle development.

This research found that kaempferol, a flavonoid from hair growth-promoting plants, significantly enhanced human dermal papilla cell proliferation and inhibited specific signaling pathways, outperforming minoxidil, with topical application in mice promoting hair growth and thickness, indicating potential as a natural hair loss treatment.

This study synthesizes knowledge of how dendritic cell signals, epithelial integrins, and fibroblast activity converge on TGF-β1 to maintain or disrupt skin healing, contrasting normal and fibrotic scar formation and suggesting possible integrin and immune-targeted treatments for skin fibrosis.

TGF-β signaling is essential for hair follicle regeneration during wound healing.

This study discovered that exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can mitigate damage in dermal papilla cells by modulating the TGF-β1/SMAD2 signaling pathway through miRNAs miR-574-3p and miR-125a-5p, revealing potential therapeutic targets for androgenetic alopecia.

The researchers reported that nano-cerium oxide improved androgenetic alopecia in mice by increasing the ratio of terminal to vellus hairs, elevating IGF-1 expression, and reducing TGF-β and DHT levels in the skin, suggesting potential for drug development.

This study found that decorin treatment significantly enhances dermal papilla cell proliferation, promoting hair follicle growth by influencing the SMAD3/TGF-β signaling pathway through exosomal miR-129–2-3p, which may aid in novel strategies for treating hair disorders and enhancing wool production.

This study demonstrated that exosomes from human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells can enhance collagen production, promote cell proliferation and migration in human dermal fibroblasts, and reverse signs of UV-induced skin aging in mice, potentially via a miR-125b-5p/TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

In this mouse study, nitrate supplementation at 10mM was observed to significantly promote hair growth by increasing hair follicle number and dermis thickness, and it may work by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling.

This animal study found that YH0618 may alleviate doxorubicin-induced alopecia and affects proteins like keratin and Smad3, suggesting potential therapeutic targets. The researchers analyzed protein expression changes to understand YH0618's effects in treating chemotherapy-related hair loss.

This study suggests that administering SH-MSCs gel might decrease IL-6 expression and increase TGF-β expression in alopecia-like rats, indicating potential for alopecia therapy.

This study found that two microRNAs, oar-miR-23b and oar-miR-133, inhibit the development of hair follicles in superfine wool sheep by targeting genes involved in key signaling pathways, suggesting their potential use as molecular markers for breeding fine wool sheep.

In this study conducted on rabbits, conventional blood treated with 120% sodium citrate was observed to achieve the highest platelet recovery and enrichment coefficient, while altering sodium citrate concentrate affected levels of growth factors PDGF and TGF-β1 after plasma activation.

This study found that in primary cicatricial alopecia, reducing cholesterol production and targeting EMT modulators like PPARγ, AhR, AGTR, and TGFβ with siRNA may help mitigate hair follicle damage by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for slowing PCA progression.

This study suggests that the CsA-induced inactivation of the CaN/NFAT pathway may suppress TGF-β2 expression in dermal papilla cells, potentially contributing to CsA-associated hypertrichosis.