4 citations
,
January 2025 in “Dermatologica Sinica” This consensus from the Taiwanese Dermatological Association suggests that for mild to moderate alopecia areata, first-line treatments may include topical or intralesional corticosteroids, possibly with topical minoxidil, while severe cases might require systemic corticosteroids or Janus kinase inhibitors.
3 citations
,
September 2024 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Previous alopecia areata treatments do not affect the long-term effectiveness of ritlecitinib.
August 2024 in “JAMA Dermatology” In this study, withdrawal of baricitinib therapy in patients with severe alopecia areata who had achieved hair regrowth led to a loss of benefit in almost all patients, suggesting that continued treatment is necessary to maintain hair regrowth.
20 citations
,
July 2024 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” This study observed that dupilumab led to significant hair regrowth and was well-tolerated in children with both alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis, showing promise as a safe treatment option for pediatric patients with associated atopy.
June 2024 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” This study found that tofacitinib was a safe and effective treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe alopecia areata, with a significant percentage achieving notable reductions in their Severity of Alopecia Tool scores after 18 months.
February 2024 in “Lasers in Medical Science” This review discusses laser and energy-assisted drug delivery as a treatment for alopecia and concludes that although all studies show positive effects, some reports indicate no superiority over existing monotherapies.
15 citations
,
February 2024 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” This study observed that dupilumab may promote hair regrowth in alopecia areata patients, achieving significant results in a majority of cases without reported adverse events.
1 citations
,
October 2023 in “Dermatology and therapy” This review concluded that baricitinib and other oral JAK inhibitors have the most robust evidence supporting their use in treating severe alopecia areata in adults, compared to other less-evaluated treatments.
September 2023 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” This study observed that oral tofacitinib was effective and safe for treating alopecia areata in paediatric patients, with 82% of pre-adolescent participants experiencing hair regrowth and 64% showing significant improvement in their hair loss severity scores.
September 2023 in “Dermatology and Therapy” In a Belgian cohort study, nearly 90% of alopecia areata patients treated with oral baricitinib experienced hair regrowth, with more than 70% achieving a favorable SALT score, particularly in patchy cases, though some relapsed post-treatment. No serious adverse events were noted.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” In two phase 3 clinical trials, this study found that adults with severe alopecia areata receiving baricitinib experienced significant hair regrowth on the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes over 36 weeks compared to placebo, although longer-term data are needed to fully assess benefits and risks.
6 citations
,
May 2023 in “Drugs” This study reports that baricitinib was more effective than placebo in promoting hair growth in adults with severe alopecia areata after 36 weeks of treatment in clinical trials.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that treatment with ritlecitinib led to significant scalp hair regrowth in patients with alopecia areata at Weeks 24 and 48, with higher response rates observed in those receiving 50 mg compared to 30 mg doses.
227 citations
,
April 2023 in “The Lancet” Ritlecitinib effectively treats alopecia areata and is well-tolerated.
20 citations
,
February 2023 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” In this study, 40.9% of patients taking 4 mg baricitinib and 21.2% taking 2 mg achieved significant hair regrowth over 52 weeks, indicating potential long-term benefits for adults with severe alopecia areata without introducing new safety concerns.
January 2023 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” This study concluded that fractional laser therapy, alone or combined with minoxidil or cortisol, effectively treated alopecia areata, showing better outcomes than the drugs alone, without increasing adverse effects, though effectiveness did not significantly differ from similar physical treatments.
3 citations
,
January 2023 in “SAGE Open Medical Case Reports” This case study reports significant hair regrowth in a 61-year-old woman with alopecia universalis after she was treated with hydroxychloroquine for accompanying granuloma annulare.
2 citations
,
January 2023 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” This review summarizes existing literature on hydroxychloroquine for treating autoimmune-related hair disorders, highlighting its variable efficacy and emphasizing the need for individualized treatment decisions, but reports no new clinical results.
October 2022 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study found no significant difference in the overall effectiveness of fractional CO2 laser plus triamcinolone acetonide versus microneedling plus the same treatment for resistant alopecia areata, though initial hair regrowth appeared more frequently in the laser group.
16 citations
,
May 2022 in “New England Journal of Medicine” This Italian study observed that one third of patients with 25 to 50% scalp hair loss from alopecia areata still experienced active patchy disease at long-term follow-up, and another third progressed to more severe forms like alopecia totalis or universalis, with limited recovery.
16 citations
,
March 2022 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” In this observational study, researchers found that mini-pulse oral corticosteroids effectively reduced hair loss in alopecia areata patients who did not respond to topical therapies, though early-onset patients and those with hypothyroidism were less likely to benefit.
20 citations
,
December 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that the oral JAK inhibitors ritlecitinib and brepocitinib were effective in maintaining hair regrowth in alopecia areata with continuous use, though efficacy decreased after withdrawal.
36 citations
,
December 2021 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” This study observed that both ritlecitinib and brepocitinib improved scalp biomarkers in patients with alopecia areata, with associations to hair regrowth seen in this phase 2a trial.
3 citations
,
September 2021 in “Journal of Nepal Medical Association” This case report describes successful treatment of alopecia universalis associated with severe hyperthyroidism using azathioprine and hydroxychloroquine after poor response to oral steroid therapy.
66 citations
,
June 2021 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this phase 2 study, baricitinib at 2 mg and 4 mg doses significantly improved hair regrowth in adults with alopecia areata and ≥50% scalp hair loss compared to placebo, without new safety concerns, although the small sample size limits the results' generalizability.
48 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that topical corticosteroids are the most supported first-line treatment for pediatric alopecia areata, with contact immunotherapy as the next best option.
50 citations
,
March 2021 in “Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology” This review examines existing research and clinical trials on the use of dupilumab for various skin, respiratory, and gastrointestinal disorders, but it reports no new clinical findings.
19 citations
,
January 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study reported that some pediatric patients with alopecia areata experienced hair regrowth with dupilumab treatment, particularly those with concomitant atopic dermatitis, suggesting dupilumab may be beneficial when traditional therapies fail.
13 citations
,
April 2020 in “Dermatology and therapy” This systematic review assessed cyclosporine's effectiveness with or without corticosteroids for treating alopecia areata, finding combined therapy more effective and with a lower recurrence rate than monotherapy, especially for severe cases, though results varied by alopecia type.
11 citations
,
January 2020 in “Dermatologica Sinica” This study found that tofacitinib effectively promoted hair regrowth in Asian patients with severe alopecia areata, with 74.3% showing a clinical response.
19 citations
,
December 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study suggests that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide at a concentration of 5 mg/mL may offer the best balance of effectiveness and safety for treating focal alopecia areata.
18 citations
,
October 2019 in “European Journal of Dermatology” This article reviews treatment options for pityriasis rubra pilaris but reports no new clinical findings, often noting treatments as unsuccessful.
26 citations
,
July 2019 in “JAAD Case Reports” This study reports two cases of hair loss outcomes in patients using dupilumab for atopic dermatitis, with one showing improvement in alopecia universalis and another experiencing worsening of alopecia totalis.
44 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study observed that cyclosporine showed a trend toward improving alopecia areata symptoms compared to placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant.
66 citations
,
December 2018 in “Dermatology” This study found that oral JAK inhibitors, ruxolitinib and tofacitinib, are effective and well-tolerated for treating severe alopecia areata, with a similar degree of hair regrowth and relapse rates, but ruxolitinib induced faster initial hair regrowth.
89 citations
,
August 2018 in “JAMA Dermatology” This study found that the level of expected therapeutic regrowth significantly affected hair regrowth outcomes in contact immunotherapy for alopecia areata, suggesting implications for patient education and adherence.
17 citations
,
March 2018 in “Pediatric dermatology” This study suggests that hydroxychloroquine may benefit some children with alopecia areata, as five out of nine patients showed improvement, although side effects like gastrointestinal intolerance and headache were noted.
53 citations
,
January 2018 in “JAAD case reports” This report describes the case of a patient who developed alopecia areata within five weeks of starting treatment for atopic dermatitis with dupilumab.
102 citations
,
December 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” This review discusses the role of immune privilege collapse in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, emphasizing the potential for therapeutic manipulation of hair bulb immune privilege to offer new treatment options, and reports no new results.
48 citations
,
November 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Tofacitinib 2% ointment helped hair regrow in 3 out of 10 patients with alopecia areata, but caused side effects like scalp irritation and raised cholesterol in some.
44 citations
,
October 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, tofacitinib monotherapy was effective in achieving hair regrowth in over half of Korean patients with moderate-to-severe and refractory alopecia areata, though treatment discontinuation typically led to hair loss recurrence.
22 citations
,
May 2017 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” This study found that BD 1/4 dilution was the most effective corticosteroid concentration for intralesional injection to treat localized alopecia areata in adults, with fewer adverse effects than TA.
238 citations
,
November 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, tofacitinib was reported to improve scalp hair regrowth in patients with severe alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, and alopecia universalis, showing a higher response in alopecia areata.
196 citations
,
September 2016 in “JCI insight” This study explored the effectiveness of the oral JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib in treating patients with moderate-to-severe alopecia areata, building on prior success with JAK inhibitors in mice, but results are not reported in this abstract.
15 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Journal of Dermatology” This study found that patients with alopecia areata and less than 50% hair loss showed a good response to pulse therapy with methylprednisolone, while those with more extensive hair loss also improved but required more courses.
14 citations
,
January 2016 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” This study found that oral cyclosporine was more effective and had fewer side effects than betamethasone minipulse therapy for treating alopecia areata.
28 citations
,
July 2015 in “Dermatologic therapy” This study found that combining topical and oral pulse corticosteroid therapy for severe alopecia areata in children led to long-lasting hair regrowth, especially in AA plurifocalis, with no serious side effects reported.
50 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that 2.5 mg/mL triamcinolone acetonide injections were as effective as higher doses for treating limited, patchy alopecia areata, while minimizing side effects like skin atrophy.
4 citations
,
December 2014 in “Dermatologica sinica/Zhōnghuá pífūkē yīxué zázhì” In this study, the 308-nm excimer lamp was reported to be a safe alternative treatment for alopecia areata, with a 41.1% overall response rate and a 50% response rate in severe cases.
25 citations
,
February 2014 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” The authors concluded that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide may benefit patients with patch-type alopecia areata, but the evidence is limited due to small, bias-prone studies with variations in treatment protocols.
49 citations
,
November 2013 in “JAMA dermatology” This study found that topical clobetasol propionate cream was more effective than hydrocortisone cream in reducing hair loss surface area in children with patchy alopecia areata over 24 weeks, with no serious adverse effects.
33 citations
,
October 2013 in “Cutaneous and ocular toxicology” This article discusses the autoimmune pathogenesis of alopecia areata and reviews the use of immunosuppressive therapies in its treatment, but it does not provide new clinical results.
38 citations
,
January 2013 in “Dermatology” This study found that intravenous high-dose pulse corticosteroids resulted in a complete response in 38% of children with alopecia areata, but the majority of responders relapsed within a year.
21 citations
,
January 2013 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” In this study, combination therapy with cyclosporine and PUVA for severe alopecia areata resulted in a majority of patients showing only fair to poor responses, though some improvements were noted.
38 citations
,
July 2009 in “Current opinion in pediatrics, with evaluated MEDLINE/Current opinion in pediatrics” This article reviews recent findings on alopecia areata, highlighting genetic and immune factors in its pathogenesis but reporting no new clinical results; the authors emphasize the need for quality evidence on treatment efficacy.
45 citations
,
July 2008 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This study found that oral sulfasalazine led to varying hair regrowth outcomes in patients with persistent alopecia areata, with 56.3% showing moderate to good responses.
114 citations
,
October 2006 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” In this study, clobetasol propionate foam demonstrated effectiveness and good patient compliance as a safe topical treatment for moderate to severe alopecia areata, with significant hair regrowth compared to placebo.
85 citations
,
November 2004 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The 308-nm excimer laser helps hair regrowth in some alopecia areata cases but not all.
275 citations
,
November 2002 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This study found that among an Asian population with alopecia areata, commonly first episodes occurred before age 40, with severe cases linked to psychological effects and treatments showing significant regrowth.
62 citations
,
April 2002 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, sulfasalazine treatment resulted in cosmetically acceptable hair regrowth in 23% of patients with severe alopecia areata in whom a response could be determined.
