Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Tofacitinib for Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 202 Patients

This retrospective cohort study evaluated the real-world effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib in treating alopecia areata (AA) over 18 months, involving 202 patients. The study found that 55.9% of patients achieved a 50% reduction in their Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) scores, 42.6% achieved a 75% reduction, and 29.2% achieved a 90% reduction. The study noted that a longer duration of AA negatively impacted hair regrowth, and males and those with a baseline SALT score ≥90 responded slower to treatment initially. Concomitant use of systemic corticosteroids or low-dose oral minoxidil was common, and no serious adverse events were reported. The study concluded that tofacitinib is a safe and effective treatment for moderate-to-severe AA, though further randomized controlled studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment regimen.