Deciphering Principles of Morphogenesis from Temporal and Spatial Patterns on the Integument

The document from July 6, 2015, explores the principles of morphogenesis with a focus on the integument system, including the development and regeneration of patterns like feathers and hairs. It discusses how localized cellular activities such as proliferation and differentiation, along with molecular signals like Wnt, BMP, and Notch pathways, contribute to the precise development of integumentary organs. The study emphasizes the importance of the activator/inhibitor model, Turing diffusion-driven instability mechanisms, and the role of mechanical stress in tissue patterning. It also highlights the temporal cycling of stem cells and the influence of macro-environmental factors on regenerative behavior. The document further explores the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms behind integument development, such as the role of a SNP in the EphB2 gene in pigeon head crest formation and the plasticity of ectodermal progenitors. The potential for therapeutic targets in regenerative medicine and the diversification of Metazoa due to new cell differentiation paths are also discussed. The research was supported by NIH grants and fellowships.