68 citations,
September 1990 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” Minoxidil activates hair growth by being sulfated by P-PST in the human liver.
26 citations,
February 1998 in “Chemico-Biological Interactions” Scientists identified three genes important for processing certain brain chemicals, thyroid hormones, and medications.
59 citations,
February 1998 in “Chemico-Biological Interactions” Minoxidil breakdown varies by enzymes, affecting hair loss treatment effectiveness.
46 citations,
January 1991 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Minoxidil works in liver and outer hair root sheath for hair growth.
16 citations,
May 1992 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Minoxidil sulfotransferase is a marker of keratinocyte differentiation and may play a role in hair growth.
66 citations,
September 1982 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” Liver enzyme helps minoxidil work better for blood vessel relaxation.
39 citations,
November 1987 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” Human platelets change minoxidil to minoxidil sulfate, helping blood vessels widen.
36 citations,
March 2002 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Food deprivation increases MST enzyme in the brain, possibly affecting energy balance.
7 citations,
June 2020 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Genetic variants affect minoxidil hair loss treatment success.
3 citations,
May 2020 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Topical booster improves hair loss treatment effectiveness.
9 citations,
August 2019 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Minoxidil activation by hair enzymes predicts treatment success for female hair loss.
8 citations,
October 2018 in “Dermatologic Therapy” About 41% of Indian hair loss patients have low enzyme activity that affects hair loss treatment effectiveness, with men affected more than women. Testing for this can guide treatment.
November 2020 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” Sulfotransferase SULT1A1 activity may predict minoxidil treatment success for hair loss.
32 citations,
January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Minoxidil helps hair growth by activating enzymes in hair follicles.
451 citations,
March 2005 in “Endocrine Reviews” The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.
53 citations,
January 1993 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” Minoxidil needs activation to work, and minoxidil sulfate helps with hair growth and blood pressure.
27 citations,
November 2013 in “Dermatologic Therapy” New test predicts if hair loss treatment will work.
166 citations,
November 1990 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Minoxidil sulfate stimulates hair growth.
48 citations,
July 1996 in “Human & Experimental Toxicology” Human enzymes can detoxify harmful substances but might also increase their cancer risk.
18 citations,
November 1994 in “Histochemical Journal” The enzyme PST is found in developing human kidneys and helps with detoxification and development.
4 citations,
May 2020 in “Medicine in Drug Discovery” The study developed a method to detect minoxidil and its sulfate form, found that minoxidil sulfate is temperature-sensitive, and identified a way to potentially increase its stability for hair loss treatment.
397 citations,
February 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Minoxidil boosts hair growth by opening potassium channels and increasing cell activity.
152 citations,
April 2012 in “Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery” Minoxidil treats hair loss, promotes growth, has side effects, and has recent patents.
38 citations,
June 2018 in “Archives of Toxicology” Different species and human skin models vary in their skin enzyme activities, with pig skin and some models closely matching human skin, useful for safety assessments and understanding the skin's protective roles.
23 citations,
June 1996 in “Toxicology” Older rats more affected by minoxidil's cardiotoxic effects than younger rats.
17 citations,
June 2019 in “Cellular signalling” Minoxidil helps protect and rebuild elastic fibers in arteries, improving artery function, especially in older females.
12 citations,
March 2014 in “ISRN Pharmacology (Print)” Minoxidil with tretinoin boosts hair growth most effectively, followed by minoxidil alone, and then ketoconazole.
2 citations,
October 2020 in “Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics” Minoxidil does not work to inhibit lysyl hydroxylases in newborn mouse lungs.
2 citations,
January 1997 in “Principles of Medical Biology” Drug metabolism affects how long a drug works, its interactions, activation, and toxicity, and is influenced by genetics, diet, illness, and other drugs.
4 citations,
July 2022 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Using more than 5% minoxidil can help hair growth more, but results vary and side effects may increase.