Cloning of the Human Phenol Sulfotransferase Gene Family: Three Genes Implicated in the Metabolism of Catecholamines, Thyroid Hormones, and Drugs

The 1998 document reported the cloning of three human phenol sulfotransferase (PST) genes: STP1, STP2, and STM, which are involved in metabolizing catecholamines, thyroid hormones, and drugs such as minoxidil. These genes are located on chromosome 16p12.1-p11.2 and are highly similar, with STP1 and STP2 sharing 96% amino acid identity and STM sharing 90.5-93% identity. The genes have seven coding exons with conserved boundaries and exhibit heterogeneity in their 5' nontranslated regions, indicating possible alternative splicing or tissue-specific promoter use. Genetic polymorphisms in these genes may affect individual drug responses, including to minoxidil, which is activated by PST enzymes in hair follicles. The cloning of these genes is significant for pharmacogenetic studies and understanding individual drug responses and carcinogen metabolism.