Sulfation of Minoxidil by Multiple Human Cytosolic Sulfotransferases

February 1998 in “ Chemico-Biological Interactions ”

Robert H. Anderson, Patrick E. Kudlacek, Dahn L. Clemens

minoxidil sulfation cytosolic sulfotransferases hair loss scalp skin enzyme levels sulfotransferase activity Rogaine

TLDR Minoxidil breakdown varies by enzymes, affecting hair loss treatment effectiveness.

This study explores how minoxidil is sulfated by multiple human cytosolic sulfotransferases, which could impact its effectiveness in treating hair loss. The study found that various enzymes in human scalp skin can break down minoxidil, which could help predict how an individual will respond to the drug based on their enzyme levels. At least four enzymes were found to contribute to the sulfation process. The study suggests that measuring sulfotransferase activity in blood can predict the response to minoxidil. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of sulfation in minoxidil's mechanism of action.

View this study on sciencedirect.com →

Discuss this study in the Community →

Research cited in this study

15 / 15 results

research Characterization of recombinant human liver dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase with minoxidil as the substrate

13 citations , January 1997 in “Biochemical Pharmacology”

research Sulphation Catalyzed by the Human Cytosolic Sulphotransferases: Chemical Defense or Molecular Terrorism?

48 citations , July 1996 in “Human & Experimental Toxicology”

Human enzymes can detoxify harmful substances but might also increase their cancer risk.

research Characterization of Recombinant Human Liver Thermolabile Phenol Sulfotransferase with Minoxidil as the Substrate

16 citations , May 1995 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

research Minoxidil Sulfation in the Hair Follicle

32 citations , January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology”

Minoxidil helps hair growth by activating enzymes in hair follicles.

research Sulphate conjugation of minoxidil in rat skin

9 citations , March 1993 in “Biochemical Pharmacology”

research Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Sulfation Mechanisms in the Biological Actions of Minoxidil

53 citations , January 1993 in “Biochemical Pharmacology”

Minoxidil needs activation to work, and minoxidil sulfate helps with hair growth and blood pressure.

research Localization of Minoxidil Sulfotransferase in Rat Liver and the Outer Root Sheath of Anagen Pelage and Vibrissa Follicles

46 citations , January 1991 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil works in liver and outer hair root sheath for hair growth.

research Quantitative Estimation of Hair Growth: Androgenetic Alopecia in Women and the Effect of Minoxidil

85 citations , December 1990 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil promotes hair growth in women with early-stage alopecia.

research Minoxidil Sulfate Is the Active Metabolite That Stimulates Hair Follicles

166 citations , November 1990 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil sulfate stimulates hair growth.

research Purification and Characterization of Rat Liver Minoxidil Sulphotransferase

29 citations , September 1990 in “Biochemical Journal”

Enzyme purified and characterized for minoxidil sulphation in rat liver.

research Sulfation of Minoxidil by Human Liver Phenol Sulfotransferase

68 citations , September 1990 in “Biochemical Pharmacology”

Minoxidil activates hair growth by being sulfated by P-PST in the human liver.

research Sulfation of Minoxidil by Human Platelet Sulfotransferase

39 citations , November 1987 in “Clinica Chimica Acta”

Human platelets change minoxidil to minoxidil sulfate, helping blood vessels widen.

research Sulfation of Minoxidil by Liver Sulfotransferase

66 citations , September 1982 in “Biochemical Pharmacology”

Liver enzyme helps minoxidil work better for blood vessel relaxation.

research Minoxidil and the Treatment of Severe Hypertension

51 citations , October 1980 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

Minoxidil lowers blood pressure effectively but may cause unwanted hair growth and other side effects.

research Minoxidil-Induced Hypertrichosis: Treatment with Calcium Thioglycolate Depilatory Agent

46 citations , April 1977 in “Southern Medical Journal”

Minoxidil causes excessive hair growth, but depilatory agent removes it safely and effectively.

Related Community Posts Join

6 / 1000+ results

Compressed part of research of theory of androgenic/anabolitic balance. AGA h-responders analytic. Theory of physio-metabolitic method of anti AGA treatment

community Compressed part of research of theory of androgenic/anabolitic balance. AGA h-responders analytic. Theory of physio-metabolitic method of anti AGA treatment

in Research 865 upvotes 1 year ago

The treatment for androgenetic alopecia involves using finasteride and minoxidil with intense exercise and cold exposure to boost metabolism and reduce androgenic effects, potentially leading to hair regrowth. This approach may activate biological pathways for improved hair and overall health.

community Minoxidil Response Bottlenecks: Why Sulfation and Transport Matter (And Where Tretinoin Fits In)

in Research 461 upvotes 5 months ago

Minoxidil's effectiveness is limited by the need for sulfation and proper transport to hair follicles, with tretinoin potentially enhancing its effects by promoting enzyme activity and keratinocyte differentiation. Tretinoin may improve minoxidil's response by boosting the expression of necessary enzymes and transporters.

community Minoxidil Sulfate makes everyone a responder

in Research/Science 259 upvotes 11 months ago

Minoxidil sulfate is more effective than regular minoxidil, especially for those with low sulfotransferase levels or scalp sensitivity, but it is unstable unless delivered in a liposomal format. Combining minoxidil with tretinoin can enhance effectiveness, and stopping minoxidil use can lead to rapid hair loss.

community Sugars ARE important for hair growth | Glycosaminoglycans as Hair Growth Stimulant

in Research/Science 76 upvotes 1 year ago

Glycosaminoglycans are important for hair growth, and combining minoxidil with tretinoin and Biopeptide-CL may enhance hair growth by boosting glycosaminoglycan levels and improving the hair follicle environment. Users discussed the potential effectiveness and future of these treatments.

community Comprehensive Microneedling Guide

in Microneedling 292 upvotes 3 years ago

Microneedling for hair restoration involves daily use of a 0.3 mm device and weekly use of a 0.5 mm device. Combining microneedling with Minoxidil can enhance hair growth.

community Peptides that Stop Hair Loss? | In-depth Literature Review Video

in Research/Science 76 upvotes 1 year ago

Peptides like TB500, KPV, GHK-CU, and BPC-157 are overhyped for hair growth with limited proven effectiveness in humans. Combining peptides with delivery methods like iontophoresis and sonophoresis shows promise, but many claims remain unproven.

Related Research

6 / 6 results

research Sulfation of Minoxidil by Multiple Human Cytosolic Sulfotransferases

59 citations , February 1998 in “Chemico-Biological Interactions”

Minoxidil breakdown varies by enzymes, affecting hair loss treatment effectiveness.