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A more sensitive assay was developed to detect enzyme activity converting arginine to citrulline in hair follicles.

Citrullinated proteins from Porphyromonas gingivalis may contribute to rheumatoid arthritis.

George Ernest Rogers was a notable scientist who made important discoveries about hair and wool proteins.

Uncombable hair syndrome causes frizzy hair and can affect the nervous system, eyes, and ears, often co-occurring with other hair, skin, nail, and teeth conditions, and is linked to three specific gene mutations.

Trichohyalin is also found in the outer layers of normal human skin.

New protein changes may be involved in the immune attack on hair follicles in alopecia areata.

Certain mutations in the PADI3 gene may increase the risk of developing a type of scarring hair loss common in women of African descent.

PAD3 plays a key role in hair and skin protein structure and may be linked to skin diseases.

A potential treatment for atopic dermatitis could be to increase PADI1 expression to improve skin barrier function.

Enzymes called PADIs play a key role in hair growth and loss.

Mutations in the PADI3 gene are linked to a higher risk of scarring hair loss in women of African descent.

S100A3 protein is crucial for hair shaft formation in mice.

A mix of tocopherol acetate and L-menthol helps grow hair better than using them separately or using minoxidil.

Understanding normal hair growth and loss in children is key to diagnosing and treating hair disorders.

TGM3 is important for skin and hair structure and may help diagnose cancer.

Trichohyalin is modified by enzymes to form strong structures in hair cells.

The document concludes that various findings in rheumatology offer insights into disease severity, treatment responses, and potential risks in medication, with some limitations due to unspecified participant numbers.

Targeting NETs may help reduce fibrosis in Crohn's disease.

A gene mutation causes early keratinocyte maturation leading to hair loss in Olmsted syndrome.

Mutations in three genes cause Uncombable Hair Syndrome, leading to frizzy hair that can't be combed flat.

Different fields of expertise must work together to better understand hair growth and create effective hair loss treatments.

The symposium concluded that hair growth involves complex processes, including the hair follicle life cycle, the role of the dermal papilla, hair strength, pigmentation, and the impact of diseases and treatments like minoxidil on hair and skin.

Different types of cell death affect skin health and inflammation, and understanding them could improve treatments for skin diseases.

The article concludes that the wool follicle is a valuable model for studying tissue interactions and has potential for genetic improvements in wool production.

A specific chemical change in the S100A3 protein leads to the formation of a four-part structure important for hair formation.

Inhibiting ALOX12 can help hair cuticle maturation by increasing S100A3 citrullination.

Enzymes that change arginine to citrulline are important for skin barrier and hair formation, and their malfunction can lead to skin conditions and hair disorders.

The conclusion is that genetic testing is important for diagnosing and treating various genetic hair disorders.

Small proline-rich proteins and trichohyalin help make epithelial tissues tougher and more flexible.

Trichohyalin-like proteins are essential for the development of skin structures like hair, nails, and feathers.