TLDR Mutations in the PADI3 gene are linked to a higher risk of scarring hair loss in women of African descent.
The study from February 28, 2019, found that mutations in the PADI3 gene are associated with Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA), a form of scarring alopecia prevalent among women of African ancestry. The research included a total of 58 patients, with 16 in the discovery set and 42 in the replication set. In the discovery set, 5 out of 16 patients (31%) had PADI3 mutations, while in the replication set, 9 out of 42 patients had genetic variants in PADI3. The mutations were linked to decreased PADI3 expression, protein misfolding, abnormal intracellular localization, and reduced enzymatic activity, which are essential for proper hair-shaft formation. The study concluded that the prevalence of PADI3 mutation was significantly higher in patients with CCCA compared to a control group, suggesting that these damaging genetic variants contribute to the higher prevalence of CCCA in women of African ancestry.
27 citations,
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Hair loss in black women needs more research, early intervention, and community education.
119 citations,
November 2016 in “American journal of human genetics” Mutations in three genes cause Uncombable Hair Syndrome, leading to frizzy hair that can't be combed flat.
65 citations,
November 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of primary cicatricial alopecia is crucial to prevent permanent hair loss.
29 citations,
January 2016 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Longer hair loss leads to more severe CCCA; early treatment and avoiding damaging hairstyles help regrowth.
76 citations,
November 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Some African American women's central scalp hair loss is linked to genetics and past fungal scalp infections, with more research needed on other causes.
46 citations,
July 2008 in “Dermatologic Therapy” A scale was made to measure hair loss severity in African American women.
194 citations,
November 2006 in “Science” A genetic mutation in the LIPH gene causes hair loss and growth defects.
124 citations,
November 2000 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” PAD3 plays a key role in hair and skin protein structure and may be linked to skin diseases.
12 citations,
November 1987 in “Pediatric dermatology” Four children had unmanageable pale blond hair due to uncombable-hair syndrome.
Nanocarriers with plant extracts show promise for safe and effective hair growth treatment.
February 2024 in “International journal of medical science and clinical research studies” CCCA is a scarring hair disorder mainly affecting people of African descent, needing better awareness and treatment.
April 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgenetic alopecia causes hair thinning due to increased androgen activity, treatable with minoxidil and finasteride.
May 2023 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” New understanding and treatments for hair loss are improving, but more research is needed.
5 citations,
December 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Enzymes called PADIs play a key role in hair growth and loss.
July 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The research found that male pattern hair loss is mostly genetic and involves hair thinning due to hormonal effects and changes in gene expression.
