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    Glossary Citrullination

    conversion of arginine to citrulline in proteins

    Citrullination, also known as deimination, is a post-translational modification where the amino acid arginine in a protein is converted into citrulline. This process is catalyzed by enzymes called peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) and can affect protein function and structure. Citrullination is involved in various physiological processes and has been linked to autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.

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    Research 30 of 54

    1. Specific Citrullination Causes Assembly of a Globular S100A3 Homotetramer 2007 · 62 citations
    2. The citrullinating enzyme PADI4 governs progenitor cell proliferation and translation in developing hair follicles Science Advances · 2025
    3. Citrullination at the Inflammatory Skin Barrier 2023
    4. Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors Promote S100A3 Citrullination in Cultured SW480 Cells and Isolated Hair Follicles Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin · 2017 · 4 citations
    5. Ca <sup>2+</sup> -mediated protein citrullination regulates proliferation in the regenerating and malignant CNS 2026
    6. Importance of Citrullination on Hair Protein Molecular Assembly During Trichocytic Differentiation 2013 · 5 citations
    7. Trichohyalin Mechanically Strengthens the Hair Follicle 2003 · 108 citations
    8. Citrullinome of Porphyromonas gingivalis Outer Membrane Vesicles: Confident Identification of Citrullinated Peptides Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · 2019 · 21 citations
    9. A Hairy Cituation – PADIs in Regeneration and Alopecia Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · 2021 · 5 citations
    10. Deimination in epidermal barrier and hair formation Philosophical transactions - Royal Society. Biological sciences · 2023 · 2 citations
    11. Unravelling the threads of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2026
    12. 120 Identification of post-translationally modified trichohyalin epitopes responsible for triggering autoimmunity in alopecia areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2023
    13. Entdeckung von Autoantigenen bei der Haarverluststörung Alopecia areata: Implikation von posttranslationalen Modifikationen Karger Kompass. Dermatologie · 2023
    14. Co-expression of PADI isoforms during progenitor differentiation enables functional diversity Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · 2023 · 2 citations
    15. 481 Pathogenic variants affecting peptidyl arginine deiminase 3 and its major substrates underlie central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2024
    16. Autoantigen Discovery in the Hair Loss Disorder, Alopecia Areata: Implication of Post-Translational Modifications Frontiers in immunology · 2022 · 11 citations
    17. Pathogenic variants affecting peptidyl arginine deiminase 3 and its major substrates underlie central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. PubMed · 2025
    18. Erasing the methyl mark: histone demethylases at the center of cellular differentiation and disease Genes & Development · 2008 · 667 citations
    19. A genome-wide association scan in admixed Latin Americans identifies loci influencing facial and scalp hair features Nature Communications · 2016 · 196 citations
    20. Variant <i>PADI3</i> in Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia The New England Journal of Medicine · 2019 · 95 citations
    21. In silico analysis of gene expression data from bald frontal and haired occipital scalp to identify candidate genes in male androgenetic alopecia Archives of Dermatological Research · 2019 · 6 citations
    22. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, February 13–16, 2013 The Journal of Rheumatology · 2013 · 4 citations
    23. Construction of regulatory network for alopecia areata progression and identification of immune monitoring genes based on multiple machine-learning algorithms Precision clinical medicine · 2023 · 3 citations
    24. Blockade of S100A3 activity inhibits murine hair growth Genetics and Molecular Research · 2015 · 1 citations
    25. Biology of the wool follicle: an excursion into a unique tissue interaction system waiting to be re‐discovered Experimental Dermatology · 2006 · 117 citations
    26. Deimination and Peptidylarginine Deiminases in Skin Physiology and Diseases International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2020 · 57 citations
    27. Hair Loss Caused by Gain-of-Function Mutant TRPV3 Is Associated with Premature Differentiation of Follicular Keratinocytes 2021 · 11 citations
    28. Pathogenic variants affecting peptidyl arginine deiminase 3 and its major substrates underlie central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2025
    29. Chemical Synthetic Disease Modifying Drugs (csDMARD) Used forRheumatoid Arthritis Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine. · 2023
    30. Peptidylarginine Deiminase Isoforms Are Differentially Expressed in the Anagen Hair Follicles and Other Human Skin Appendages Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2005 · 71 citations