Nanotechnology-Driven Delivery of Caffeine Using Ultradeformable Liposomes-Coated Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Enhanced Follicular Delivery and Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia

The study investigates the use of ultradeformable liposome-coated hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (ULp-Caf@HMSNs) to enhance caffeine delivery to hair follicles for treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA). These nanoparticles improve caffeine's skin penetration and controlled release, potentially increasing its efficacy in promoting hair growth. The ULp-Caf@HMSNs demonstrated good thermal stability, non-cytotoxicity, and reduced reactive oxygen species levels in DHT-damaged cells, suggesting they could be a promising alternative to minoxidil for hair loss treatment. However, challenges such as cost, scalability, and regulatory requirements need to be addressed for clinical application. The study emphasizes the need for further research to ensure consistency in nanoparticle production and to gather comprehensive safety and efficacy data for regulatory approval, with future efforts focusing on advancing toward human clinical trials.