Alopecia Areata And Atopic Dermatitis: Common Mechanisms And Emerging Therapeutics

    April 2026 in “ Journal of Inflammation Research ”
    Alice Tang, Grace Rachko, Flavia Manzo Margiotta … Benjamin Ungar
    Studysummary This narrative review highlights the shared immunopathogenesis of alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis and discusses approved and investigational therapies that target common pathways, suggesting a future for personalized treatment strategies.
    Automatically generated from the study's abstract, not written by a person, and not a review of the full paper. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Read the original study, and consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer
    Read the full study on dovepress.com →
    Discuss this study in the Community →

    Research cited in this study 43

    1. Immune Therapies for Alopecia Areata: Evidence and New Perspectives Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · 2025
    2. Treatment Outcomes and Considerations for Topical Immunotherapy in Patients with Alopecia Totalis and Alopecia Universalis Frontiers in Medicine · 2025
    3. Immune-Mediated Disorders in Patients With Alopecia Areata: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis International Journal of Dermatology · 2025
    4. Lessons from TNF-Alpha Inhibitor-Induced Alopecia Areata: Does TNF-Alpha Operate as a Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Guardian Under Inflammatory Conditions? Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2025
    5. Oral Minoxidil Treatment of Alopecia Areata Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2025
    6. A Translational Approach to Improve Therapeutics in Atopic Dermatitis and Beyond The Journal of Immunology · 2025
    7. Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 72 Patients Acta Dermato Venereologica · 2025
    8. A Case of Unexpected Successful Treatment of Alopecia Areata With Tralokinumab in a Patient With Atopic Dermatitis International Journal of Dermatology · 2025
    9. Global Burden of Alopecia Areata and Associated Diseases: A Trend Analysis From 1990 to 2021 PubMed · 2025
    10. British Association of Dermatologists Living Guideline for Managing People with Alopecia Areata 2024 British Journal of Dermatology · 2024
    11. Alopecia Areata Exhibits Cutaneous And Systemic OX40 Activation Across Atopic Backgrounds Allergy · 2024
    12. Comparative Efficacy of Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitors and Biologics in Adult Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2024
    13. Tralokinumab as a Therapeutic Option for Patients with Concurrent Atopic Dermatitis and Alopecia Areata International Journal of Dermatology · 2024
    14. Inhibition of T-Cell Activity in Alopecia Areata: Recent Developments and New Directions Frontiers in immunology · 2023
    15. Alopecia Areata: What's New in the Epidemiology, Comorbidities, and Pathogenesis? Journal of Dermatological Science · 2023
    16. Alopecia Areata: Current Treatments and New Directions American Journal of Clinical Dermatology · 2023
    17. Clinical and Genetic Aspects of Alopecia Areata: A Cutting Edge Review Genes · 2023
    18. Janus Kinase Inhibitors For Alopecia Areata JAMA network open · 2023
    19. Biomarkers in Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Autoimmunity reviews · 2023
    20. Efficacy and Safety of Ritlecitinib in Adults and Adolescents With Alopecia Areata: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Multicentre, Phase 2b–3 Trial The Lancet · 2023
    21. Association of Atopic Dermatitis With Autoimmune Diseases: A Bidirectional and Multivariable Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study Frontiers in immunology · 2023
    22. Trends in Prevalence and Incidence of Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis Among Adults and Children in a US Employer-Sponsored Insured Population JAMA Dermatology · 2023
    23. Diverse Role of OX40 on T Cells as a Therapeutic Target for Skin Diseases Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2023
    24. Scalp Biomarkers During Dupilumab Treatment Support Th2 Pathway Pathogenicity in Alopecia Areata Allergy · 2022
    25. The Role of Antihistamines and Dupilumab in the Management of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review Journal of Drugs in Dermatology · 2022
    26. An Overview of JAK/STAT Pathways and JAK Inhibition in Alopecia Areata Frontiers in immunology · 2022
    27. Ritlecitinib And Brepocitinib Demonstrate Significant Improvement In Scalp Alopecia Areata Biomarkers ˆThe ‰journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/˜The œjournal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021
    28. Alopecia Areata: An Update on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · 2021
    29. Immunological Properties of Atopic Dermatitis-Associated Alopecia Areata International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2021
    30. Dupilumab Therapy for Alopecia Areata in Pediatric Patients with Concomitant Atopic Dermatitis Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2021
    31. Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Its Collapse in Alopecia Areata Experimental dermatology · 2020
    32. Efficacy of Antihistamines in Combination with Topical Corticosteroid and Superficial Cryotherapy for Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Cohort Study Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2020
    33. Serum Level of Interleukin-15 in Active Alopecia Areata Patients and Its Relation to Age, Sex, and Disease Severity Advances in Dermatology and Allergology · 2020
    34. Frontiers in Alopecia Areata Pathobiology Research ˆThe ‰journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/˜The œjournal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019
    35. An Integrated Model of Alopecia Areata Biomarkers Highlights Both TH1 and TH2 Upregulation Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2018
    36. Tofacitinib 2% Ointment, a Topical Janus Kinase Inhibitor, for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Pilot Study of 10 Patients Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2017
    37. Alopecia Areata Profiling Shows TH1, TH2, and IL-23 Cytokine Activation Without Parallel TH17/TH22 Skewing ˆThe ‰journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/˜The œjournal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2015
    38. The Autoimmune Basis of Alopecia Areata: A Comprehensive Review Autoimmunity reviews · 2014
    39. Alopecia Areata Is Driven by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Is Reversed by JAK Inhibition Nature medicine · 2014
    40. The Effect of Oral Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata Cutaneous and ocular toxicology · 2013
    41. Prognostic Factors That Affect the Response to Topical Treatment in Patchy Alopecia Areata Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2012
    42. Experimental Evaluation of Ebastine, a Second-Generation Antihistamine, as a Supportive Medication for Alopecia Areata Journal of Dermatological Science · 2010
    43. Maintenance of Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Is Linked to Prevention of NK Cell Attack Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2007