2 citations
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May 2022 in “Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry” This study observed that minoxidil-loaded nanoparticles significantly enhanced skin penetration and hair regrowth in mice within three weeks, without ethanol and propylene glycol, suggesting they are a promising delivery method for treating hair loss.
February 2023 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” In this study, the researchers developed minoxidil cubosomes using nanotechnology, which improved drug penetration in the skin, showed greater hair growth efficacy, and reduced adverse skin reactions compared to traditional minoxidil solutions.
February 2024 in “Current Medicinal Chemistry” In this study, minoxidil nanoparticles significantly increased hair growth rate in C57BL/6 mice compared to traditional minoxidil, suggesting enhanced effectiveness and potential as a new formulation.
August 2024 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” In this study, the researchers reported that minoxidil-loaded transfersomes using a cyclodextrin strategy significantly increased drug stability, skin permeation, and hair regrowth in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia compared to traditional formulations and commercial tinctures.
6 citations
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May 2020 in “Pharmacology Research & Perspectives” This study in rats found that a new hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin formulation of minoxidil reduced the adverse cardiovascular and proliferative effects seen with traditional minoxidil solutions.
19 citations
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October 2017 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” This study found that the MXD/HP-β-CD GEL formulation promoted greater hair growth and improved gene expression related to hair growth in male rats compared to MXD solution or control groups.
August 2025 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology” This study formulated a minoxidil nanoemulgel with improved solubilization and skin penetration, demonstrating a high entrapment efficiency and sustained drug release in vitro, which suggests potential improvements in treating androgenetic alopecia compared to conventional formulations.
December 2023 in “Azerbaijan Pharmaceutical and Pharmacotherapy J” This study formulated a minoxidil-loaded submicron emulsion-based topical gel, which demonstrated effective in vitro release, ex vivo permeation, and stability, suggesting it may offer a targeted treatment approach for alopecia compared to traditional methods.
This study focused on developing a nanoemulsion-based gel for delivering minoxidil, aiming to enhance its contact time with the scalp and potentially improve skin absorption compared to conventional topical solutions.
June 2026 in “Drug Delivery and Translational Research” This study developed a spring-driven microneedle booster that improved early and cumulative delivery of minoxidil, accelerating hair regrowth compared to traditional roller methods in an androgenetic alopecia model.
27 citations
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September 2018 in “Medicines” This study reported that oleic acid-based nanovesicles improve follicular delivery and reduce side effects of minoxidil compared to traditional MXD lotions.
March 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” This study found that combining minoxidil with ginsenosides Rg3 in a novel delivery system improved hair growth by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in androgen alopecia treatments.
January 2024 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” In this mouse study, researchers found that nanoparticles loaded with umbilical cord-derived stem cell membranes and minoxidil enhanced hair growth by improving drug solubility and transdermal delivery, increasing VEGF, IGF-1, MKI67, and CTNNB protein levels in skin tissue compared to regular minoxidil.
October 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research” This study reviewed existing literature on Androgenetic Alopecia treatments, finding that minoxidil promotes hair growth but can cause side effects due to its traditional formulations. Novel delivery systems like film-forming sprays may reduce these side effects and enhance efficacy.
This study found that a data-driven model using XGBoost effectively predicts individualized responses to minoxidil for androgenetic alopecia, outperforming traditional methods in accuracy and reliability.
12 citations
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August 2017 in “Archives of Pharmacal Research” In this study, lecithin-based microparticle formulations of minoxidil showed enhanced skin penetration and comparable hair growth effectiveness to commercial products in mice, while minimizing skin irritation often seen with standard minoxidil solutions.
In this study, incorporating cetirizine into transferosome formulations significantly enhanced hair growth in mice and boosted IGF-1 and VEGF levels, suggesting that this method could be a promising alternative to traditional hair growth treatments, though further studies are needed to confirm its safety and suitability.
April 2023 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” This study reported that optimized transfersomes and their gel form significantly improved transdermal delivery and hair growth promotion of minoxidil in C57BL/6 mice compared to commercial formulations.
October 2025 in “Advanced Healthcare Materials” This study found that using a stevioside-based microneedle patch significantly increased minoxidil's solubility and skin absorption, promoting hair growth in animal models and achieving 67.5% area coverage by day 35, highlighting the potential of this novel delivery system for androgenetic alopecia treatment.
October 2025 in “Bioactive Materials” This review highlights the potential of microneedle technology in traditional Chinese medicine as a promising transdermal delivery system for skin diseases, showcasing improved efficacy and reduced side effects of TCM ingredients while discussing the challenges of its clinical application.
11 citations
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January 2017 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” This study investigated the effects of the herbal formulation DA-5512 on hair growth, finding that it significantly promotes dermal papilla cell proliferation and stimulates hair growth in mice while showing efficacy and safety in human trials compared to placebo and minoxidil (3%).
39 citations
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April 2010 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” This study found that using monoolein cubic phase nanoparticles with an entrapped hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin/minoxidil complex increased minoxidil skin permeation, but minoxidil retention in the skin was higher with a traditional solution.
January 2024 in “Pharmacophore” This source discusses the potential of integrating herbal extracts with nanotechnology in skincare products, highlighting improved effectiveness and targeted delivery of active ingredients to skin cells compared to traditional formulations.
8 citations
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February 2022 in “Scientific Reports” This study suggests that 20 vital medicinal herbs may exert therapeutic effects on alopecia by regulating specific target genes and proteins, offering insights into their novel mechanisms distinct from conventional drugs.
July 2025 in “Bioactive Materials” This review summarizes advancements in biomedical engineering for hair follicle regeneration, highlighting strategies like cell transplantation and tissue engineering to reconstruct hair follicles, and discusses both their technical limitations and potential future innovations in regenerative medicine.
23 citations
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March 2021 in “Gels” This study found that minoxidil solubilized in gelatin-containing microemulsions resulted in over 5% of the drug remaining in porcine skin, significantly more than the reference gel.
February 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” This study found that combining the natural product cedrol with minoxidil can improve the treatment of androgenetic alopecia by reducing the minoxidil dose needed, while a new nanocarrier system enhances drug delivery and effectiveness at hair follicles.
February 2023 in “Molecules” In this study, N. ottonis cactus cell extract applied to mice promoted hair growth and increased the number of hair follicles, suggesting its potential as a hair-growth-promoting agent.
32 citations
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April 2016 in “Aaps Pharmscitech” This study found that nanostructured lipid carriers enhanced the skin penetration and retention of minoxidil compared to solid lipid nanoparticles, suggesting they could be a promising method for topical delivery.
June 2026 in “Discover Nano” This review discusses current treatment strategies for alopecia and highlights the potential of lipid-based nanoparticles to improve drug delivery to the scalp and hair follicles, noting their ability to enhance skin penetration and drug stability while outlining associated challenges and the need for further research.