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Glossary Oxidative Stress

imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants causing cellular damage

Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between free radicals (unstable molecules that can damage cells) and antioxidants (molecules that neutralize free radicals) in the body. This imbalance can lead to cellular damage, also known as oxidative damage or oxidative injury, and is implicated in various conditions, including aging, cancer, and hair loss disorders like alopecia.

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Particulate Matter Induces Inflammatory Response in Human Outer Root Sheath Cells via Oxidative Stress-Dependent MAPK and JAK-STAT Signaling Pathways

research 705 Particulate matter induces inflammatory response in human outer root sheath cells via oxidative stress-dependent MAPK and JAK-STAT signaling pathways

July 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study suggests that particulate matter can induce inflammation in human outer root sheath cells, potentially affecting hair growth, through oxidative stress-dependent MAPK and JAK-STAT signaling pathways.

research Genome-wide p63-Target Gene Analyses Reveal TAp63/NRF2-Dependent Oxidative Stress Responses

7 citations , January 2024 in “Cancer Research Communications”

This study found that TAp63 and ΔNp63 isoforms in the p63 family interact with different transcription factors to regulate distinct transcriptional programs, affecting various biological functions like metabolic pathways, oxidative stress response, and epithelial morphogenesis in mouse epidermal cells.

research Foxp1 Regulates the Proliferation of Hair Follicle Stem Cells in Response to Oxidative Stress during Hair Cycling

22 citations , July 2015 in “PloS one”

This study found that Foxp1, a transcriptional factor, plays a key role in regulating hair follicle stem cell proliferation by modulating oxidative stress and the cell cycle during hair growth phases.

research Evaluation of Personalized Skincare Through in-silico Gene Interactive Networks and Cellular Responses to UVR and Oxidative Stress

11 citations , October 2022 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology”

In this study, SNPs in genes affecting skin pigmentation were linked to each skin type's unique response to environmental stress, suggesting potential for personalized skin care products.

research Deletion of vitamin D receptor with calcium sensing receptor in keratinocytes promotes epidermal tumorigenesis by limiting dna repair and oxidative stress response genes

March 2026 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”

This study found that mice lacking both vitamin D and calcium-sensing receptors in epidermal keratinocytes are predisposed to developing squamous cell carcinoma as they age, due to impaired oxidative stress response and reduced DNA repair capabilities.

research Modulating the Antioxidant Response for Better Oxidative Stress-Inducing Therapies: How to Take Advantage of Two Sides of the Same Medal?

29 citations , March 2022 in “Biomedicines”

This review discusses recent findings on cellular antioxidant responses to oxidative stress and their implications for treating various human diseases but reports no new clinical results.

research miR‐200a‐3p in Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Derived Exosomes Attenuates UVB‐Induced Skin Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress via Keap1‐Nrf2 Pathway

January 2025 in “Stem Cells International”

This study found that exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in UVB-induced skin injury in cell and mouse models, suggesting their potential for treating UV-damaged skin by influencing Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways.

research The Interplay between Finasteride-Induced Androgen Imbalance, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Oxidative Stress, and Liver Disorders in Paternal and Filial Generation

October 2022 in “Biomedicines”

In this rat study, offspring from females fertilized by finasteride-treated males showed hyperglycemia and increased hepatic glycogen, linking paternal androgen imbalance to liver issues across generations.

research Adult skin acute stress responses to short‐term environmental and internal aggression from exposome factors

37 citations , June 2021 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

This review discusses how acute exposures to environmental and internal stressors can quickly alter skin functions, leading to various dermatological symptoms, and calls for more research on these short-term effects.

Type I Keratin 17 Protein Is Phosphorylated on Serine 44 by p90 Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 in a Growth- and Stress-Dependent Fashion

research Type I Keratin 17 Protein Is Phosphorylated on Serine 44 by p90 Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in a Growth- and Stress-dependent Fashion

30 citations , December 2011 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

This study found that serine 44 in the N-terminal head domain of keratin 17 is phosphorylated in response to various stimuli affecting skin keratinocyte growth, linking K17 up-regulation with growth and stress responses in skin epithelium.

research Trichotillomania: a good response to treatment with N-acetylcysteine

27 citations , August 2017 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia”

In this case report, a patient with trichotillomania showed a significant positive response to treatment with N-acetylcysteine, suggesting its potential effectiveness for this disorder according to the authors’ observations.

research Dermal papilla cells and melanocytes response to physiological oxygen levels depends on their interactions

7 citations , June 2021 in “Cell Proliferation”

This study found that direct interactions between human dermal papilla cells and melanocytes under low oxygen conditions improved cell functions and could be important for hair regeneration efforts.

Effective Amelioration of Hepatic Inflammation and Insulin Response in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats via Regulating AKT/mTOR Signaling: Role of Lepidium Sativum Seed Extracts

research Effective amelioration of hepatic inflammation and insulin response in high fat diet-fed rats via regulating AKT/mTOR signaling: Role of Lepidium sativum seed extracts

14 citations , October 2020 in “Journal of ethnopharmacology”

This study found that both ethanol and aqueous extracts of Lepidium sativum seeds improved insulin signaling and reduced obesity-related metabolic changes in high-fat diet-fed rats, suggesting potential as a dietary supplement.

Analysis of Changes in MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Response to the Troxerutin-Mediated Antioxidant Effect in Human Dermal Papilla Cells

research Analysis of changes in microRNA expression profiles in response to the troxerutin-mediated antioxidant effect in human dermal papilla cells

12 citations , May 2015 in “Molecular Medicine Reports”

This study demonstrated that troxerutin may protect human dermal papilla cells from H2O2-induced damage and suggests potential in treating alopecia by inhibiting ROS-mediated cellular damage.

research Reply to letter to the editor: “A response to ‘Male balding is a major risk factor for severe COVID-19’”

1 citations , October 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This article discusses potential links between male balding, specifically androgenic alopecia, and severe COVID-19, suggesting that balding may serve as a biomarker for identifying higher-risk patients, but it reports no new experimental findings.

research The effect of antioxidants administration on the response rate in patients with alopecia areata

December 2008 in “Al-Mağallaẗ al-ʻirāqiyyaẗ li-l-ṣaydalaẗ”

This study found that antioxidant vitamin treatment improved the hair growth rate in patients with alopecia areata, regardless of the duration of their condition.

research Understanding the biochemical properties of human hair keratins : self-assembly potential and cell response

January 2020

This Ph.D. project aims to evaluate the self-assembling potential of hair keratin extracts and study the cellular response to both crude and purified keratins, highlighting their potential applications from biomedical to water remediation.

In Situ Formed Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters Inhibit Hair Follicle Regeneration in Oxidative Stress Microenvironment via Suppressing NFκB Signal Pathway

research In situ formed fluorescent gold nanoclusters inhibit hair follicle regeneration in oxidative stress microenvironment via suppressing NFκB signal pathway

March 2024 in “Chinese Chemical Letters”

In this study, researchers demonstrated that zero valence fluorescent gold nanoclusters can be biosynthesized in damaged skin and inhibit hair follicle regeneration by affecting the NFκB inflammatory response pathway, suggesting potential as a treatment for hypertrichosis related to skin injury.

A Novel Link Between Human Hair Follicle Neuroimmunology and Mitochondrial Biology: Substance P Increases Intrafollicular Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Biogenesis

research LB1017 A novel link between human hair follicle neuroimmunology and mitochondrial biology: Substance P increases intrafollicular oxidative stress and mitochondrial biogenesis

July 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that Substance P increased mitochondrial activity and biogenesis markers in cultured human scalp hair follicles, suggesting a novel link between stress-related neuropeptide signaling and hair follicle mitochondrial responses.

Graphene Oxide and Indole-3-Acetic Acid Cotreatment Regulates the Root Growth of Brassica Napus L. via Multiple Phytohormone Pathways

research Graphene oxide and indole-3-acetic acid cotreatment regulates the root growth of Brassica napus L. via multiple phytohormone pathways

34 citations , March 2020 in “BMC plant biology”

This study found that cotreatment with graphene oxide and indole-3-acetic acid significantly inhibited root development in Brassica napus, with the inhibition increasing as indole-3-acetic acid concentration rose.

research Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex Keratinocytes Show Disturbed Mitochondrial Positioning and Activity

3 citations , January 2020 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study found that epidermolysis bullosa simplex keratinocytes had impaired mitochondrial activity and more dispersed mitochondrial distribution compared to normal human keratinocytes.

research Intermittent treatment with farnesyltransferase inhibitor and sulforaphane improves cellular homeostasis in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria fibroblasts

32 citations , July 2017 in “Oncotarget”

This study found that intermittent treatment with FTI lonafarnib and sulforaphane may be a promising therapeutic approach for children with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, as it improved the cellular phenotype.

research Formation of the cornified envelope

3 citations , September 2005 in “Experimental dermatology”

This review discusses the formation and structure of the cornified cell envelope in the epidermis, highlighting biochemical pathways and genetic factors, but presents no new experimental results.

research 519 The role of the leaky gut in the development of alopecia areata

April 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study found that inducing a leaky gut in mice led to increased gut permeability and decreased expression of protective genes, suggesting a potential link to alopecia areata.

research Autophagy protects murine preputial glands against premature aging, and controls their sebum phospholipid and pheromone profile

January 2022 in “Figshare”

This study found that inhibiting autophagy in mouse preputial glands alters lipid metabolism, delays aging-related duct changes, and reduces pheromone production, indicating autophagy's critical role in gland homeostasis and cell breakdown during secretion.

research Autophagy protects murine preputial glands against premature aging, and controls their sebum phospholipid and pheromone profile

January 2021 in “Figshare”

This study found that autophagy in the preputial glands of mice plays a crucial role in regulating lipid and fatty acid metabolism, as well as pheromone production.

research Environmental Air Pollutants Affecting Skin Functions with Systemic Implications

70 citations , June 2023 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

In this review, researchers explored how air pollutants increase oxidative stress and inflammation in human skin, affect vitamin D synthesis, and interact with the skin microbiota, also discussing AhR/Nrf2 as a potential target for treating pollution-related skin conditions.

research Pathophysiology of the Behçet's Disease

34 citations , October 2011 in “Pathology Research International”

This article reviews potential factors influencing Behçet's disease, like increased neutrophil functions, immunological changes, stress, and hormonal alterations, but it presents no new clinical results.

research Multimodal roles of transient receptor potential channel activation in inducing pathological tissue scarification

7 citations , August 2023 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

This review discusses the role of transient receptor potential channels in pathological scarification and suggests these channels as potential targets for its prevention and treatment, although it reports no new clinical findings.

research Cellular senescence and polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies from a new perspective

2 citations , December 2025 in “Annals of Medicine”

This review discusses the complex correlation between cellular senescence and PCOS, emphasizing senescence markers, mechanisms, and potential anti-senescence therapies, but reports no new clinical results.