Graphene Oxide and Indole-3-Acetic Acid Cotreatment Regulates the Root Growth of Brassica Napus L. via Multiple Phytohormone Pathways

The studies summarized in the document investigated the effects of graphene oxide (GO) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) cotreatment on the root growth of Brassica napus L. and found that while individual treatments with GO or high concentrations of IAA inhibited root development, their combined use further enhanced this inhibitory effect. The cotreatment altered multiple phytohormone pathways, including abscisic acid (ABA), IAA, gibberellin (GA), cytokinin (CTK), brassinolide (BR), and salicylic acid (SA), with a notable impact on GA content and oxidative stress responses. The study also revealed that GO treatments could modulate phytohormone balance, leading to changes in root growth and development. The response of plants to nanomaterials like GO is complex and involves crosstalk between different phytohormone pathways. The study involved more than five seedlings treated with various concentrations of GO and IAA for 10 days, and the findings were supported by measurements of root length, root fresh weight, stem height, enzyme activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and phytohormone contents. However, the specific number of plants or replicates used in the study was not provided in the summary.