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GlossaryMitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (Mitochondrial ROS)

highly reactive molecules produced during mitochondrial energy production

Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (mtROS) are highly reactive molecules produced as byproducts during the process of energy production in the mitochondria, the cell's powerhouses. While they play roles in cell signaling and homeostasis, excessive mtROS can cause oxidative stress, damaging cellular components like DNA, proteins, and lipids, which is linked to aging and various diseases.

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Cyanidin 3-O-Arabinoside Suppresses DHT-Induced Dermal Papilla Cell Senescence by Modulating p38-Dependent ER-Mitochondria Contacts

research Cyanidin 3-O-Arabinoside Suppresses DHT-Induced Dermal Papilla Cell Senescence by Modulating p38-Dependent ER-Mitochondria Contacts

14 citations, March 2022 in “Journal of Biomedical Science”

Cyanidin 3-O-arabinoside may help treat a common form of hair loss by protecting cells against aging and improving cell function.

research Targeting Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Treatment of Impaired Wound Healing: A Systematic Review

280 citations, July 2018 in “Antioxidants”

Treatments that reduce oxidative stress and fix mitochondrial problems may help heal chronic wounds.

research N-Terminal Functional Domain of Gasdermin A3 Regulates Mitochondrial Homeostasis via Mitochondrial Targeting

76 citations, June 2015 in “Journal of biomedical science”

Mutations in Gasdermin A3 cause skin inflammation and hair loss by disrupting mitochondria.

research Tetrathiomolybdate Decreases the Expression of Alkaline Phosphatase in Dermal Papilla Cells by Increasing Mitochondrial ROS Production

2 citations, February 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences”

Tetrathiomolybdate reduces hair growth marker in skin cells by boosting harmful oxygen molecules, but effects can be reversed.

research Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Promote Epidermal Differentiation and Hair Follicle Development

277 citations, February 2013 in “Science Signaling”

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are essential for skin and hair development.

research Stem Cell Rejuvenation and the Role of Autophagy in Age Retardation by Caloric Restriction: An Update

19 citations, July 2018 in “Mechanisms of Ageing and Development”

Eating less can slow aging and help keep stem cells healthy by cleaning out damaged cell parts.

research Protective Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in Skin Aging

32 citations, January 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Melatonin, a hormone, can help protect skin from aging by reducing stress, inflammation, and damage, and may also help treat hair loss in women.

research Compartmentation of Mitochondrial and Oxidative Metabolism in Growing Hair Follicles: A Ring of Fire

40 citations, March 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Growing hair follicles have high mitochondrial activity and ROS in specific regions, aiding hair formation.

research Repurposing Kir6/SUR2 Channel Activator Minoxidil to Arrest Growth of Gynecologic Cancers

16 citations, May 2020 in “Frontiers in pharmacology”

Minoxidil can stop the growth of ovarian cancer cells without harming the heart.

research Mitochondrial DNA Damage, Oxidative Stress, And Atherosclerosis

12 citations, July 2013 in “Circulation”

Improving mitochondrial health may better treat atherosclerosis than antioxidants.

research Mitochondrial Complex I Activity Suppresses Inflammation and Enhances Bone Resorption by Shifting Macrophage-Osteoclast Polarization

222 citations, August 2014 in “Cell Metabolism”

Mitochondrial Complex I reduces inflammation and increases bone breakdown by affecting certain immune cells.

research Differential Effects of Melatonin as a Broad Range UV-Damage Preventive Dermato-Endocrine Regulator

31 citations, January 2011 in “Dermato-endocrinology”

Melatonin protects skin against UV damage by regulating various cellular processes.

research Improved Health-Span and Lifespan in mtDNA Mutator Mice Treated with the Mitochondrially Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1

75 citations, February 2017 in “Aging”

SkQ1 antioxidant improved health and lifespan in mice.

research Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome and Inflammatory Skin Disease

October 2024 in “Our Dermatology Online”

Mitochondrial dysfunction links metabolic syndrome and inflammatory skin diseases, suggesting targeted therapies and lifestyle changes.

research Dermatologic Manifestations of Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Review of the Literature

March 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences”

Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to various skin conditions and could be a target for treatments.

research Anti-Amnesia-Like Effect of Pinus Densiflora Extract by Improving Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation in Trimethyltin-Induced ICR Mice

September 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences”

Pinus densiflora extract may help improve memory and reduce brain inflammation.

research Hair Growth-Promoting Effects of Astragalus Sinicus Extracts in Human Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells

January 2025 in “Cosmetics”

Astragalus sinicus extracts may help promote hair growth and treat hair loss.

Clionasterol-Rich Fraction of Caulerpa Racemosa Against Particulate Matter-Induced Skin Damage Via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis-Related Signaling Pathway

research Clionasterol-Rich Fraction of Caulerpa Racemosa Against Particulate Matter-Induced Skin Damage Via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis-Related Signaling Pathway

5 citations, September 2022 in “Antioxidants”

A substance from Caulerpa racemosa seaweed may protect against skin damage caused by air pollution by reducing oxidative stress and cell death.

research Particulate Matter 2.5 Damages Skin Cells by Inducing Oxidative Stress, Subcellular Organelle Dysfunction, and Apoptosis

215 citations, March 2018 in “Archives of Toxicology”

Tiny pollution particles called PM2.5 can harm skin cells by causing stress, damage to cell parts, and cell death.

research Defects in Mitochondrial DNA Replication and Oxidative Damage in Muscle of mtDNA Mutator Mice

53 citations, October 2014 in “Free radical biology & medicine”

Defective mitochondrial DNA replication causes aging symptoms and increased oxidative damage in mice.

research Cell Fate Decisions: Emerging Roles for Metabolic Signals and Cell Morphology

100 citations, November 2017 in “EMBO Reports”

Metabolic signals and cell shape influence how cells develop and change.

research Keratinocytes of the Upper Epidermis and Isthmus of Hair Follicles Express Hemoglobin mRNA and Protein

November 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Skin cells and certain hair follicle areas produce hemoglobin, which may help protect against oxidative stress like UV damage.

research Role of S-Palmitoylation by ZDHHC13 in Mitochondrial Function and Metabolism in Liver

59 citations, May 2017 in “Scientific reports”

ZDHHC13 is important for normal liver function and metabolism, affecting mitochondrial activity.

Advances in Mitochondria-Centered Mechanism Behind the Roles of Androgens and Androgen Receptor in the Regulation of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

research Advances in Mitochondria-Centered Mechanism Behind the Roles of Androgens and Androgen Receptor in the Regulation of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology”

Androgens and androgen receptors are important for metabolic health, affecting how the body uses glucose and fats through mitochondrial function.

Dual Deficiency of Melatonin and Dihydrotestosterone Promotes Stromal Cell Damage and Mediates Prostatitis via the cGAS-STING Pathway in Sleep-Deprived Mice

research Dual Deficiency of Melatonin and Dihydrotestosterone Promotes Stromal Cell Damage and Mediates Prostatitis via the cGAS-STING Pathway in Sleep-Deprived Mice

March 2024 in “Cell communication and signaling”

Lack of sleep in mice leads to prostatitis by reducing certain hormones and activating an inflammatory pathway, which can be temporarily fixed with normal sleep.