September 2018 in “Central Asian journal of medical sciences (Print)” This study found that Urticadioica L ethanol extracts enhanced hair growth and reduced catagen transition in human hair follicles in an ex vivo organ culture model.
June 2014 in “Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering” This study demonstrated that injecting reconstructed dermal papilla-like tissues in mice led to new hair growth, suggesting potential future applications in hair transplantation and baldness treatment.
30 citations
,
April 2018 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review discusses the historical development and current challenges in in vitro hair follicle culture, highlighting a need for advanced models using cell lines and tissue engineering, and reports no new results.
11 citations
,
October 2021 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” This study reports that hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly reduced hair loss and inflammation in alopecia areata models, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach.
6 citations
,
January 2007 in “Actas dermo-sifiliográficas/Actas dermo-sifiliográficas” This study found that topical application of triiodothyronine (T3) can induce the transition of hair follicles from the telogen to the anagen phase in mice and stimulate hair shaft growth in vitro.
4 citations
,
November 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Aging causes hair loss and graying due to stem cell decline and changes in cell behavior and communication.
2 citations
,
January 2023 in “Applied Science and Convergence Technology” This review discusses the potential of 3D bioprinting technologies for tissue regeneration, drug evaluation, and drug delivery systems, but reports no new findings.
September 2014 in “Aktuelle Dermatologie” This symposium review highlights past, present, and future developments in skin research, celebrating the work of Prof. Johanna Brandner and Dr. Peter Arne Gerber, without reporting new clinical results.
3 citations
,
May 2022 in “Dermatologic surgery” This review examines the use of exosomes in skin rejuvenation and hair regeneration but reports no new clinical results, noting challenges in purification and practical use for clinical applications.
18 citations
,
September 2023 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review examines the role of skin microbes in enhancing the skin barrier and their involvement in skin diseases like atopic dermatitis, while also discussing current and future therapeutic strategies targeting the skin microbiome.
5 citations
,
October 2022 in “Cosmetics” This article reviews in-vitro and cell-free methods for assessing the efficacy of herbal ingredients in cosmetic formulations for skin health and hair growth, but it reports no new clinical results.
March 2026 in “Experimental Dermatology” This study developed an in vitro model using NTERT keratinocytes expressing AEC-related TP63 mutations, which replicated skin defects observed in AEC patients and offers a valuable tool for understanding the disorder and developing new treatments.
January 2026 in “Lab on a Chip” In this perspective, recent advances in regenerative medicine, including bioartificial substitutes and engineered in vitro platforms, are reviewed for their potential to restore human hair follicles, highlighting new technologies like 3D printing, hair-on-a-chip models, and stem cell-derived organoids.
March 2020 in “Central European Journal of Biology” This study found that isolated hair follicle outer root sheaths from mice can regenerate new dermal papillary structures in vitro, with stem cells and neutrophils playing key roles in the regeneration process.
January 2014 in “SciDok (Saarland University and State Library)” This study demonstrated that in vitro pig ear models effectively predict human follicular uptake of nanoparticles for potential transfollicular vaccination, but massage did not enhance nanoparticle penetration.
65 citations
,
January 2021 in “Burns & Trauma” This study developed an in vitro model revealing that hair follicle spheroids enhanced both sweat gland and hair follicle differentiation within bioprinted scaffolds, while microenvironmental cues supported persistent regeneration.
June 2026 in “Disease Models & Mechanisms” This editorial introduces a special issue on "In Vitro Models of Human Disease" in DMM, highlighting how these models enhance understanding of disease mechanisms, accelerate drug development, and support personalized treatment strategies.
18 citations
,
January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” This study observed that in vitro cocultures of hair follicle cells with dermal fibroblasts or hair papilla cells enhanced proliferation and differentiation of outer root sheath cells but did not mimic hair-type differentiation.
28 citations
,
November 1987 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study developed an in vitro model using human follicular keratinocytes to observe selective cell growth and differentiation, potentially aiding future research on hair biology and growth processes.
December 2024 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” In this study, human cell models of hair follicles showed that araliadiol, a plant-derived polyacetylene compound, promotes hair growth through the p38/PPAR-γ signaling pathway, suggesting its potential as a new drug candidate for alopecia treatment.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This research developed new in vitro models for high-throughput screening of drugs that could protect or restore immune privilege in hair follicles, finding that Tofacitinib was effective in preventing inflammation-related marker upregulation, while Tacrolimus and αMSH worked specifically in outer root sheath keratinocytes.
August 1994 in “Toxicology in Vitro” This study standardized a reproducible three-dimensional human skin model for testing skin tumor promoters, using methods that do not require human skin sourcing.
19 citations
,
January 2008 in “Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology” This study found that porcine skin serves as a reliable model for studying drug absorption into human hair follicles, showing a strong correlation in follicular drug absorption between porcine and human skin.
198 citations
,
January 1998 in “Dermatology” This review discusses human sebocyte in vitro models for studying sebaceous gland function and control but reports no new clinical results, highlighting hormonal effects and the impact of retinoids on sebocyte activity.
1 citations
,
August 2025 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” This study found that a 3D wound model, the 3DWoundSE, showed improved responsiveness to injury and cytotoxic stimuli compared to an intact 3D skin equivalent, offering a reproducible and ethical alternative to animal models for early wound response assessment in dermatological research and drug development.
In this study, researchers used two dermal papilla spheroid models to investigate hair cycle regression mechanisms and found that the vascular system enhances tissue physiology and gene modulation, while Retinol-based treatments can partially recover tissue degeneration observed over an extended culture period.
July 2024 in “ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering” In this study, researchers used a 3D in vitro organ culture system to show that rifampicin-loaded lipid nanocapsules can penetrate hair follicles more effectively than free rifampicin, highlighting the potential advantage of nanocarrier-based antibiotic treatments for follicular infections.
6 citations
,
August 2024 in “Biomacromolecules” This study introduces a novel in vitro model for clubfoot fibrosis to enable high-throughput drug screening and found that while the model increased collagen deposition, the antifibrotic drug minoxidil effectively inhibited the expression of collagen cross-linking enzymes.
September 2018 in “Cosmetics” This study found that anisotropic osmolyte solutions may improve hair follicle turnover and condition in both in vitro and in silico models, as well as in human volunteers with hair disorders.
April 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study found that new folate salts in aqueous and lipophilic solutions can penetrate skin and enhance wound healing in vitro by converting metabolically, suggesting their potential for topical application.