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This review highlights how advanced nanocarrier and microneedle-based transdermal drug delivery strategies can potentially improve the treatment of skin diseases by enhancing site-specific drug delivery, increasing skin penetration, and reducing systemic toxicity compared to conventional methods.

This review discusses transdermal drug delivery using hydrogel-forming microneedles and highlights their potential for disease treatment, but notes challenges in their clinical application.

This study demonstrates that massage significantly enhances the follicular targeting of dutasteride-loaded nanocapsules, increasing drug accumulation in hair follicles by up to 5 times.

This review examines the potential of swellable microneedles in drug delivery and diagnostics, highlighting innovations and challenges in their use for chronic disease treatment, but noting that issues like physiological responsiveness and long-term stability still require research.

This study found that surface-modified liquid crystalline nanoparticles significantly enhanced skin permeation of finasteride and dutasteride compared to unmodified nanoparticles, suggesting potential for improved treatment efficacy in androgenetic alopecia.

This review article highlights how hair follicle-targeting drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic outcomes and reduce side effects for treating conditions like androgenetic alopecia and acne vulgaris. The authors discuss current formulations and evaluate their performance in both preclinical and clinical settings.

This review discusses transdermal drug delivery using hydrogel-forming microneedles and highlights their potential and challenges for clinical application, but it reports no new clinical findings.

This review highlights the potential of microneedles and nanomedicine in advancing tissue regeneration, emphasizing their innovative, localized, and minimally invasive approaches as promising solutions to current challenges in treating chronic wounds and degenerative diseases.

This research review outlines the challenges of diabetic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, and examines the potential of electrospinning nanofiber scaffolds to improve healing by promoting tissue formation, allowing drug release, and enhancing specific wound healing properties.

This review discusses the benefits and applications of microsponges delivery systems in drug delivery, particularly for topical treatments, and reports no new clinical findings.

This review highlights cellulose-based materials' potential in skin disease treatments, emphasizing their smart, responsive design for various conditions, with insights into their roles in wound healing, infection prevention, and wearable monitoring.

This review highlights recent advancements in nanotechnology-based approaches for treating androgenetic alopecia, focusing on enhancing drug delivery to hair follicles, controlled release, and follicular microenvironment modulation, while addressing safety, manufacturing, and regulatory challenges for clinical application.

This study aimed to enhance the skin penetration of minoxidil by encapsulating it in glycerosomal vesicles, offering a potential improvement in transdermal drug delivery for treating androgenetic alopecia. Results of the investigation were not reported.

This study developed a topical dutasteride-loaded Insitu-emulgel for treating androgenetic alopecia, finding it effectively controls drug release, enhances skin penetration, and may improve patient compliance compared to traditional topical treatments, though further clinical research is underway.

This study found that dexamethasone-loaded Eudragit® L 100 nanoparticles displayed controlled drug release depending on pH levels, with minimal toxicity to human fibroblasts.

This review examines the use of microneedles for treating alopecia areata, highlighting their ability to enhance drug delivery through the skin by bypassing the outer barrier and promoting hair growth with minimal invasiveness.

This research outlines the potential of nanoemulgels as a superior alternative to conventional topical treatments, noting their ability to improve skin permeability, drug release, and therapeutic targeting, though challenges remain in formulation stability and consistency.

In this study, a new formulation of all-trans retinoic acid bound to polyvinyl alcohol showed reduced skin inflammation and sustained drug release for up to six days compared to free ATRA in vitro and in vivo.

This study found that the natural polymer-based hydrogel Gel/SA@PL released growth factors in a controlled way, which enhanced tissue regeneration and minimized scarring in the healing of diabetic wounds.

This study reported that pentoxifylline-loaded liposomes, optimized using a statistical design method, achieved a maximum encapsulation efficiency of 84.23% and a controlled 72-hour drug release, potentially improving therapeutic delivery of the drug with limited bioavailability.

This study introduces a novel pro-drug formulation of all-trans retinoic acid that reduces skin inflammation and achieves sustained drug release over several days compared to traditional methods.

This study describes a method to create keratin hydrogels with adjustable erosion rates by mixing different ratios of keratose and kerateine, enabling controlled release of therapeutic agents like insulin-like growth factor 1.

This study demonstrated that a microarray patch can deliver antibodies in a controlled and prolonged manner, maintaining their functionality after manufacturing and heat exposure, with successful pharmacokinetic proof-of-concept in rats.

This study demonstrated that in a mouse melanoma wound model, the MQ Microneedles effectively managed ROS levels to inhibit tumor growth and promote wound healing through light-controlled release.

This study reported the development of pH-responsive nanoparticles that effectively deliver vancomycin in a controlled manner, demonstrated enhanced antibacterial activity, and showed promise for clinical applications by targeting bacterial infection sites with programmable drug release.

In this study, researchers developed thermoresponsive nanogels that effectively penetrate hair follicles and release a model drug when triggered by temperature, demonstrating greater penetration for medium to large nanogels (300–500 nm) compared to smaller ones.

This study concluded that Finasteride can be effectively delivered in matrix tablets using different polymer ratios for sustained release.

In this study, dynamic hyaluronic acid hydrogels with properties like injectability and controlled degradation were developed to enhance healing and remodeling of diabetic wounds, achieving effects such as inflammation reduction, increased angiogenesis, and neovascularization, leading to complete wound healing.

This study found that electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) blend fibers demonstrated nanometric dimensions and promising properties for drug delivery, with curcumin release linked to fiber morphology and processing parameters.

In this study, researchers developed a carboxylated β-cyclodextrin formulation to enhance finasteride's physicochemical properties, achieving an encapsulation efficiency of about 85% and indicating potential for controlled drug release in therapeutic applications. Their findings suggest this inclusion complex could improve delivery of hydrophobic drugs like finasteride.