Pentoxifylline-Loaded Liposome Development, Characterization, and In Vitro Release Kinetics: Box-Behnken Design-Based Optimization

The study focused on developing and optimizing pentoxifylline-loaded liposomes to enhance the drug's bioavailability and half-life. Using a Box-Behnken Design (BBD), the researchers optimized the liposome formulation with phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and hydration volume as variables. The optimized liposomes had particle sizes ranging from 110 to 215 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.20 to 0.35, and an encapsulation efficiency of up to 84.23%. FTIR analysis confirmed successful drug encapsulation and compatibility. In vitro release tests demonstrated a controlled release over 72 hours, with about 60% of the drug released, following first-order kinetics. The study validated the BBD strategy for optimizing liposomal formulations, indicating potential for improved therapeutic delivery.