Enhancing Diabetic Wound Healing: Advances in Electrospun Scaffolds from Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Applications

Diabetic wounds, particularly diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), are chronic and severe, often leading to hospitalization, amputation, or mortality, and pose a significant economic burden. Electrospun scaffolds, which mimic the extracellular matrix, promote fibroblast activity and new skin tissue formation, making them promising for diabetic wound treatment. These scaffolds can be tailored for controlled drug release and modified for specific functionalities, enhancing their therapeutic potential. The article reviews the pathological mechanisms of diabetic wounds, the benefits of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds, and various studies on their use and drug loading methods, highlighting their potential to improve diabetic wound healing.