Skin Structure, Physiology, And Pathology In Topical And Transdermal Drug Delivery

This study highlights that current research efforts to deliver anti-acne drugs to hair follicles have primarily targeted healthy follicles, overlooking the distinct characteristics of pathologically clogged follicles in acne vulgaris.

This study found that a microneedle system delivering VEGF and Ritlecitinib improved hair regeneration in mice with androgenetic alopecia, showing faster anagen onset and better hair quality compared to minoxidil.

In an animal study, researchers observed that a Chromolaena odorata layered-nitrile rubber transdermal patch significantly improved wound contraction, protein, hexosamine, and uronic acid levels, and collagen deposition in healing excision wounds in rats compared to a control group with an empty patch.

This study examines the role of hair follicle stem cells in epidermal regeneration during skin soft tissue expansion, proposing a potential method for their cellular and molecular regulation.

This study reported that a novel ionic liquid delivery system combining ferulic acid and finasteride enhanced the solubility, skin permeation, and effectiveness in promoting hair regrowth in androgenetic alopecia mice, suggesting an improved topical treatment approach.

This study developed a niosomal delivery system loaded with tretinoin and bicalutamide, optimized for follicular targeting in acne management, showing promising accumulation in hair follicles in animal models.

This study found that nanoparticles containing minoxidil and betamethasone improved drug delivery to hair follicles, with lipidic nanoparticles significantly enhancing minoxidil and betamethasone penetration compared to control, making them a promising option for alopecia areata treatment with reduced side effects.

This paper reviews the development of transdermal drug delivery systems for skin diseases, from first to fourth generation, and highlights ongoing challenges and the importance of clinical trials, but provides no new clinical results.

In this study, researchers observed that phospholipid-calcium carbonate hybrid nanoparticles effectively delivered Tofacitinib citrate topically, which significantly inhibited hair follicle apoptosis and promoted hair growth in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, compared to a traditional Tofacitinib solution.

This review discusses the role of zinc and its transporters in skin health and disorders, providing an overview without presenting new clinical results.

In this study, a microneedle patch containing conditioned media from hypoxia-pretreated stem cells enhanced hair regeneration in an androgenetic alopecia mouse model by boosting perifollicular vascularization and hair follicle stem cell activation compared to minoxidil.

This study reported that 5% minoxidil nanoparticles enhanced hair growth more effectively in mice than a commercial minoxidil solution, with significantly higher drug accumulation in the upper hair follicles.

This review highlights how advanced nanocarrier and microneedle-based transdermal drug delivery strategies can potentially improve the treatment of skin diseases by enhancing site-specific drug delivery, increasing skin penetration, and reducing systemic toxicity compared to conventional methods.

This review discusses the potential of microneedles to enhance transdermal drug delivery by expanding the range of deliverable drugs, highlighting fabrication methods, material choices, and applications, but notes existing challenges with sustained delivery, cost-effectiveness, and large-scale production.

Understanding skin, hair, and nails is crucial due to their complexity and impact on health.

This review discusses the potential of nanocarriers to enhance transdermal drug delivery and the combination of these carriers with physical methods, but it reports no new experimental results.

This review examines how mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives may enhance skin regeneration and rejuvenation, but it reports no new clinical results; the authors suggest iPSC-derived MSCs hold promise for future therapies.

This study found that excipients significantly influence the effectiveness of curcumin nanocrystals in dermal applications, enhancing or hindering hair follicle targeting and passive diffusion based on their selection.

This study found that enlarged facial pores in women show distinct microstructural alterations, including regular keratinocyte arrangement and irregular dermo-epidermal junctions, highlighting changes in skin tension linked to pore enlargement.

This study found that using short durations of heat with chemical penetration enhancers improved isotretinoin delivery to human skin, especially via the hair follicles.

This review suggests that melasma may be a photoaging skin disorder affecting genetically predisposed individuals, which could significantly influence its treatment and prevention strategies.

This research investigated aqueous alginate-based hydrogels for delivering minoxidil and reported that using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) with molar substitution 0.65 significantly enhanced minoxidil's solubility and skin permeability without damaging the epidermis, suggesting potential as an alternative to commercial minoxidil solutions.

This review compares animal and human skin characteristics in in vitro permeation studies but reports no new results, highlighting variations and the need for better model correlations.

This study found that 5% activated platelet-rich plasma significantly improved cell proliferation and hair-inductive ability of dermal papilla cells in vitro, and promoted hair follicle formation in mice.

This review discusses the reuse of molecular mechanisms involved in embryonic skin development for maintaining adult epidermal homeostasis and reports no new results.