Melasma, A Photoaging Disorder

Melasma was identified as a complex photoaging disorder influenced by factors beyond female hormones, affecting both melanocytes and the dermis. UV radiation, including visible light, exacerbated the condition, highlighting the need for broad-spectrum photoprotection. Traditional treatments often failed to prevent relapses, but emerging therapies targeting the WNT pathway, vascular components, and using agents like tranexamic acid showed promise. A holistic approach recognizing melasma as a photoaging disorder was recommended for effective treatment and prevention, with new therapeutic targets including depigmenting agents, photoprotection, and treatments targeting various cellular components.