144 citations
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January 2018 in “Pigment cell & melanoma research” Melasma is now considered a skin aging disorder caused by sun exposure in people with a genetic tendency, which impacts treatment and prevention approaches.
10 citations
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July 2022 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Melasma's causes include genetics, sun exposure, hormones, and oxidative stress, and understanding these can help create better treatments.
4 citations
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November 2018 in “American journal of otolaryngology” Transgender women on estrogen therapy can develop melasma and need proper skin care.
1 citations
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January 2015 in “Journal of Pigmentary Disorders” Treating melasma in men is difficult, especially for the deeper skin layers, and may need more than just topical treatments.
1 citations
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January 2015 in “Journal of Pigmentary Disorders” Melasma is a skin condition linked to female hormones, genetics, UV exposure, and certain medications, but not to pituitary, adrenal, or thyroid diseases.