May 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Melanogenesis inhibitors like kojic acid and niacinamide can reduce inflammation and pigment production in skin cells.
February 2009 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Both skin products were equally effective in improving facial discoloration and skin quality.
April 2024 in “JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA” This study investigated the effects of varying kaolin base concentrations on mud mask formulations containing red pomegranate peel extract, known for its tyrosinase-inhibiting properties due to gallic and ellagic acids. Three formulations with kaolin concentrations of 19.5%, 22.5%, and 26.3% were tested for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, spreadability, viscosity, pH, and drying time. Formula 2, with a 22.5% kaolin base, showed optimal results, including a spreadability of 20.5863 cm², viscosity of 16040 cPs, pH of 5.86, and a drying time of 16.67 minutes. The tyrosinase inhibition activity was measured using ELISA, with IC50 values of 31.64 μg/mL for kojic acid, 155.49 μg/mL for the extract, and 276.15 μg/mL for the preparation. Significant differences in viscosity, pH, and drying time were observed with varying kaolin concentrations (p<0.05).
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January 2007 in “Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin” Glycine reduces skin pigmentation by lowering melanin production.
April 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Targeting cholesterol, fatty acids, fibrosis, and mast cells may help treat CCCA.