Alopecia Areata Treatment: Past, Present, And Future

    December 2024 in “ Dermatological Reviews
    Eliana L. Jolkovsky, David J. Goldberg
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    TLDR New treatments for Alopecia Areata, like JAK inhibitors, are effective, and future research is exploring advanced therapies.
    Alopecia Areata (AA) is an autoimmune disorder causing non-scarring hair loss, and its treatment has evolved significantly over the past century. Historically, caustic topical agents were the primary treatment, but recent advancements have identified the autoimmune, genetic, and psychosocial factors involved in AA. This has led to the development of systemic treatments like JAK inhibitors, including baricitinib, ritlecitinib, and deuruxolitinib, which have been FDA-approved and shown to be effective. Non-systemic treatments such as corticosteroid injections, topical minoxidil, contact immunotherapy, and red-laser light therapy also remain effective. Future research is directed towards exploring stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and energy-assisted drug delivery (LEADD) as potential treatments for AA.
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