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Too much Smad7 can cause serious changes in skin tissues, including problems with hair growth, thymus shrinkage, and eye development issues.

The TGF-β family helps control how cells change and move, affecting skin, hair, and organ development.

Super-enhancers controlled by pioneer factors like SOX9 are crucial for stem cell adaptability and identity.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help control skin health, hair growth, and color, and could potentially be used to treat skin and hair disorders.

TGF-β is crucial for controlling stem cell behavior and changes in its signaling can lead to diseases like cancer.

TGF-β signaling is crucial for stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and has implications for cancer treatment.

Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.

PDGFA/AKT signaling is important for the growth and maintenance of certain skin fat cells.

The gene Foxq1, controlled by Hoxc13, is crucial for hair follicle differentiation.

Noggin overexpression delays eyelid opening by affecting cell death and skin cell development.

Smad-4 and Smad-7 are key in hair follicle development, with other Smads being less important.

TGFβ's manipulation of inflammation and immune cells affects cancer spread, suggesting new treatment strategies and biomarkers.

The study found that certain microRNAs are higher in the cells and lower in the fluid of women with a specific type of polycystic ovary syndrome, and one microRNA could potentially help diagnose the condition.

miR-22, a type of microRNA, controls hair growth and its overproduction can cause hair loss, while its absence can speed up hair growth.

Exosomes can improve skin health and offer new treatments for skin repair and rejuvenation.

Cashmere and milk goats have different hair growth cycles and gene expressions, which could help improve wool production.

Bioactive molecules show promise for improving skin repair and regeneration by overcoming current challenges with further research.

Ginsenoside Re from ginseng may help hair grow by blocking a specific growth-inhibiting pathway.

Finasteride improves heart function and repairs damage after heart attack in mice.

The study concluded that hair growth in mice is regulated by a stable interaction between skin cell types, and disrupting this can cause hair loss.

NF-κB signaling is crucial in many diseases and can be targeted for new treatments.

Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.

Effective PCOS treatments require targeting specific signaling pathways.

Deleting Smad4 and PTEN genes in mice causes rapid, invasive stomach cancer.

Deleting Smad4 and PTEN genes in mice causes rapid, invasive forestomach cancer.

Melatonin affects certain genes and pathways involved in cashmere goat hair growth.

Melatonin can increase cashmere yield by altering gene expression and restarting the growth cycle early.

Melatonin affects specific gene patterns and biological processes in goat hair growth.